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  3. The concept of personal choice in relation to health behaviors is an important one. An estimated 90 percent of all illnesses may

The concept of personal choice in relation to health behaviors is an important one. An estimated 90 percent of all illnesses may

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问题     The concept of personal choice in relation to health behaviors is an important one. An estimated 90 percent of all illnesses may be preventable if individuals would make sound personal health choices based upon current medical knowledge. We all enjoy our freedom of choice and do not like to see it restricted when it is within the legal and moral boundaries of society. The structure of American society allows us to make almost all our own personal decisions that may concern our health. If we so desire, we can smoke, drink excessively, refuse to wear seat belts, eat whatever foods" we want, and live a completely sedentary life-style without any exercise. The freedom to make such personal decisions is a fundamental aspect of our society, although the wisdom of these decisions can be questioned. Personal choices relative to health often cause a difficulty. As one example, a teenager may know the facts relative to smoking cigarettes and health but may be pressured by friends into believing it is the socially accepted thing to do.
    A multitude of factors, both inherited and environmental, influence the development of health-related behaviors, and it is beyond the scope of this text to discuss all these factors as they may affect any given individual. However, the decision to adopt a particular health-related behavior is usually one of personal choice. There are healthy choices and there are unhealthy choices. In discussing the morals of personal choice, Fries and Crapo draw a comparison. They suggest that to knowingly give oneself over to a behavior that has a statistical probability of shortening life is similar to attempting suicide. Thus, for those individuals who are interested in preserving both the quality and quantity of life, personal health choices should reflect those behaviors that are associated with a statistical probability of increased vitality and longevity.
According to Fries and Crapo, sound health choice should be based on______.
选项 A、personal decisions
B、society’s laws
C、friends’ opinions
D、statistical evidence
答案D
解析 推理题。根据文章最后两句话，不难看出：Fries和Crapo认为，采取有统计数据显示可能缩短寿命的行为无异于自杀，而有利于健康的选择应是那些有统计数据显示可以提高生命力和延长寿命的行为，所以，哪些是有利于健康的行为，这要根据统计数据而定。因此只有D是正确的，而其他选择项则未提及。
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