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  3. A scientist who does research in economic psychology and who wants to predict the way in which consumers will spend their money

A scientist who does research in economic psychology and who wants to predict the way in which consumers will spend their money

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问题     A scientist who does research in economic psychology and who wants to predict the way in which consumers will spend their money must study consumer behavior. He must obtain (1)_____ both on resources of consumers and on the motives that (2)_____ to encourage or discourage money spending.
    If an (3)_____ were asked which of three groups borrow most—people with rising incomes, (4)_____ incomes, or declining incomes—he would (5)_____ answer: those with declining incomes. Actually, in the years 1997—2000, the answer was: people with rising incomes. People with declining incomes were next and people with stable incomes borrowed the (6)_____. This shows us that traditional (7)_____ about earning and spending are not always (8)_____ Another traditional assumption is that if people who have money expect prices to go up, they will (9)_____ to buy. If they expect prices to go down, they will postpone buying. (10)_____ research surveys have shown that this is not always (11)_____ The expectations of price increases may not stimulate buying. One (12)_____ attitude was ex-pressed by the wife of a mechanic in an interview at a time of rising prices. Her family had been planning to buy a new car but they postponed this purchase. (13)_____, the rise in prices that has al-ready taken place may be resented and buyer’s resistance may be evoked.
    The (14)_____ mentioned above was carried out in America. Investigations (15)_____ at the same time in Great Britain, however, yielded results that were more (16)_____ traditional assumptions about saving and spending patterns. The condition most contributive to spending (17)_____ to be price stability. If prices have been stable and people consider that they are (18)_____, they are likely to buy. Thus, it appears that the common (19)_____ policy of maintaining stable prices is based on a correct understanding of (20)_____ psychology.

选项 A、real
B、true
C、actual
D、genuine
答案B
解析 词汇辨析题。该句表达的意思是：但是调查结果表明这不总是真的。这里是指上文中提到的"如果有钱的人预见到价格上涨，他们就会赶紧购买。如果他们预见价格下降，他们就会暂缓购买"不总是真的。true意为"真实的"，暗指与事实、现实或事物的真实状态相一致。句中就表示事实与假定相一致，故是本题的正确选项。real、actual和genuine都有"真实的"含义。real表示相对于"假"的"真"，即某物外表与其实质之间的一致性。actual在一般英汉词典里都有"真实的"这一释义，如果用词确切，这个词总包含着动作的进行。genuine表示"真的"是指非伪造、非冒牌或纯粹的东西。这几个词都不能表示"符合真实情况"的含义，故排除。
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