首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
How long had business-centered electronic commerce developed?
How long had business-centered electronic commerce developed?
admin
2009-06-24
50
问题
How long had business-centered electronic commerce developed?
W: When did the age of electronic commerce begin?
M: Business-centered electronic commerce began more than two decades ago with the introduction of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) between firms (sending and receiving order, delivery and payment information, etc.). Even consumer-oriented electronic commerce has a rather long history: each time you sue automatic teller machines or present your credit cards, you transact business electronically. These EDI and ATM, however, operate in a closed system; they are of a more convenient communications medium, strictly between the parties allowed in. The World Wide Web (WWW), the Internet’s client-server, opened up a new age by combining the open Internet and the easy user interface. WWW was created at the CERN Lab for Particle Physics in Geneva in 1991 (with its Mosaic, the predecessor of Netscape). It took two years for Mosaic to penetrate the Internet, and another two years before businesses and the general public took notice of its potential.
W: Is EC here to stay? Will it be here but gone tomorrow?
M: EC, and the Internet, is not a fashion because of its widespread effects. Some may find it useless to open a web store; but web stores do not make electronic commerce or the digital economy. There will be new types of interfaces (browsers and protocols) and new (privatized) network, but what the WWW represents is our march toward the digital economy and knowledge-based society. Technologies, the Web and other processes are but a means of achieving that goal.
W: Will EC be limited because not many people can afford PCs and/or get access to the Internet?
M: Today’s EC processes are based on personal computers because of their origin within the Internet, a network of computers. First stage of EC expansion is that within the installed base of computer users (more "connected" users). The second wave will come when more people get access to computers (via lowered computer prices or cheaper devices). The third, and more important, expansion is predicted to be from those with non-computer access to the global network: through broadcast TVs, cable TVs, telephone networks and new appliances. A widespread use of these cheaper access media represents the phase of "bringing workplace computers into the living room". However, the affordability of these devices, the easiness of use or the mode we access the network is less of an issue than how we will use these devices. Turning the computer into a convenient device like a TV is a goal in itself. For example, the speech-to-text technology will eventually make manual inputting unnecessary. In terms of productivity, it is hard to convince that computer hardware and software have met our expectation for making our work and life easier or more productive during the last decade. But what will we do with new inventions when we get them? Delivering the same information but more conveniently? Selling the same entertainment and TV programs but with more efforts? The limiting factor will be our limited vision about the electronic future.
W: Are there different kinds of e-money?
M: Yes. In general, there are two distinct types of e-money: identified e-money and anonymous e-money (also known as digital cash). Identified e-money contains information revealing the identity of the person who originally withdrew the money from the bank. Also, in much the same manner as credit cards, identified e-money enables the bank to track the money as it moves through the economy. Anonymous e-money works just like real paper cash. Once anonymous e-money is withdrawn from an account, it can be spent or given away without leaving a transaction trail. You create anonymous e-money by using blind signatures rather than non-blind signatures. To better understand blind signatures and their use with e-money, I highly recommend reading Chapters 1~6 of Bruce Schneier’s book Applied Cryptography. It is quite readable, even to the layman. He doesn’t get into the heavy-duty math until later in the book. Bruce does a very good job of describing the wide variety of interesting things you can do when you combine computers, networks, and security. There are two varieties of e-money for each type: online e-money and offline e-money. Online means you need to interact with a bank (via modem or network) to conduct a transaction with a third party. Offline means you can conduct a transaction with out having to directly involve a bank. Offline anonymous e-money (true digital cash) is the most complex form of e-money because of the double-spending problem.
选项
答案
transacting business electronically
解析
本题答案信息对应于第一轮对话中男士的第三句:each time you sue...you transact business electronically,即每次使用自动取款机或者刷信用卡时,都是进行电子交易。考生要注意的是题句与此句的时态不同,因此回答时动词要用-ing形式。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/JJTd777K
本试题收录于:
公共英语五级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语五级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
GunRightsintheUSImmediatelyaftertheshootingatVirginiaTechUniversity,Americansgatheredto
MoneyorFriendshiporBoth1.Friendsandmoneydon’tmix.It’sadangerouscombinationsinceafightover
SpaceResearchDoeswalkingonthemoonmakelifebetterforpeopleonearth?【51】alltheproblemsofourownworld,whyshou
HowthewriterstartedsmokingshowsthepowerfulinfluenceofThewriterdecidedtoquitsmokingpartlybecause
IntelligentMachines1.Medicalscientistsarealreadyputtingcomputerchips(芯片)directlyintothebraintohelppeoplewhoha
DoYouHaveaSenseofHumor?Humorandlaughteraregoodforus.Thereisincreasingevidencethattheycanhealusphysica
A.Adjustmentofyoungpeople’sstyleB.DisadvantageofcollegeeducationC.WhatfasionisD.TheimportanceofcreativityE.Warni
TheImportanceofAgricultureinChinaThedevelopmentofagricultureandthebalancebetweenfoodandpopulationareChina’
ImproveComputer-researchSkillsLikemanycollegestudents,JoseJuarezcarriesaroundapocket-sizedcomputerthatletshi
AttentiontotheDetails1.Attentiontodetailissomethingeveryonecanandshoulddo—especiallyinatightjobmarket.B
随机试题
邓小平理论
A.氧含量B.氧容量C.氧和Hb的亲和力D.氧饱和度血中Hb所能结合的氧量是
引起视吻变形的疾病有
商业汇票的付款期限最长不得超过3个月。()
我国《证券法》规定了对证券公司()进行管理。
债务人以明显不合理低价转让财产,不论受让人是否知情,只要对债权人的债权造成损害,债权人有权请求人民法院撤销债务人的行为。()
数据资料表明:“不让一个孩子落后”法案实施后,四年级、八年级学生的英语阅渎科目和数学科目平均得分确实明显提高了。因此,得出结论:这一教育改革法案在美国各地中小学取得了惊人的成就。以下哪项如果为真,对上述论证的质疑力度最弱?
相信“意志移物”,甚至相信可以用意念来直接改变物质结构,就是信奉
在表设计器中设置的索引包含在
•Readthearticlebelowaboutacomplaintofbadservice.•ChoosethebestwordtofilleachgapfromA,B,CorDontheopposi
最新回复
(
0
)