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  3. Top marathon runners tend to be lean and light, star swimmers are long thighs with huge feet and gold medal weightlifters are so

Top marathon runners tend to be lean and light, star swimmers are long thighs with huge feet and gold medal weightlifters are so

admin2012-02-27  27
问题     Top marathon runners tend to be lean and light, star swimmers are long thighs with huge feet and gold medal weightlifters are solid blocks of muscle with short arms and legs. So, does your physical shape—and the way your body works—fit you for a particular sport? Or does your body develop a certain way because of your chosen sport?
    "It’s about 55:45, genes to the environment," says Mike Rennie, professor of clinical physiology at Britain’s University of Nottingham Medical School. Rennie cites the case of identical twins from Germany, one of whom was a long-distance athlete, the other a powerful sportsman, so, "They look quite different, despite being identical twins."
    Someone who’s 1.5-meters tall has little chance of becoming an elite basketball player.  Still, being over two meters tall won’t automatically push you to Olympic gold." Unless you have tactical sense where needed, unless you have access to good equipment, medical care and the psychological conditions, and unless you are able to drive yourself through pain, all the physical strength will be in vain," said Craig Sharp, professor of sports science at Britain’s Brunel University.
    Jonathan Robinson, an applied sports scientist at the University of Bath’s sports development department, in southwest England, points to the importance of technique. "In swimming only 5-10 per cent of the propelling force comes from the legs, so technique is vital. "
    Having the right physique for the right sport is a good starting point. Seventeen years ago, the Australian Institute of Sport started a national Talent Search Program, which searched schools for 14- 16-year-olds with the potential to be elite athletes.  One of their first finds was Megan Still, world champion rower. In 1987, Still had never picked up an oar in her life. But she had almost the perfect physique for a rower.  After intensive training, she won gold in women’s rowing in the 1996 Atlanta Olympics.
    Other countries have followed the Australian example. Now the explosion of genetic knowledge has meant that there is now a search, not just for appropriate physique but also for "performance genes. "  
Seventeen years ago Megan Still was chosen for rowing because ______.
选项 A、she had the talent for rowing
B、her body shape was right for a rower
C、she had the performance genes
D、she was a skillful rower
答案B
解析 第五段第二句起：17年前澳大利亚体育学院开始了一项在全国范围内寻找体育天才的工作，他们在各学校14～16岁的学生中寻找优秀运动员的苗子。他们首先找到的苗子之一就是Megan stⅢ，她后来成了世界划船冠军。1987年的时候，still还从未拿过桨，但是她具有划船运动员的完美身材。
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