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  3. The concept of personal choice in relation to health behaviors is an important one. An estimated 90 percent of all illnesses may

The concept of personal choice in relation to health behaviors is an important one. An estimated 90 percent of all illnesses may

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问题     The concept of personal choice in relation to health behaviors is an important one. An estimated 90 percent of all illnesses may be preventable if individuals would make sound personal health choices based upon current medical knowledge. We all enjoy our freedom of choice and do not like to see it re-stricted when it is within the legal and moral boundaries of society. The structure of American society al-lows us to make almost all our own personal decisions that may concern our health. If we so desire, we can smoke, drink excessively, refuse to wear seat belts, eat whatever foods we want, and live a com-pletely sedentary life-style without any exercise. The freedom to make such personal decisions is a funda-mental aspect of our society, although the wisdom of these decisions can be questioned. Personal choic-es relative to health often cause a difficulty. As one example, a teenager may know the facts relative to smoking cigarettes and health but may be pressured by friends into believing it is the socially accepted thing to do.
    A multitude of factors, both inherited and environmental, influence the development of health-related behaviors, and it is beyond the scope of this text to discuss all these factors as they may affect any given individual. However, the decision to adopt a particular health-related behavior is usually one of personal choice. There are healthy choices and there are unhealthy choices. In discussing the morals of personal choice, Fries and Crapo draw a comparison. They suggest that to knowingly give oneself over to a behavior that has a statistical probability of shortening life is similar to attempting suicide. Thus, for those individuals who are interested in preserving both the quality and quantity of life, personal health choices should reflect those behaviors that are associated with a statistical probability of increased vitality and longevity.
According to Fries and Crapo, sound health choice should be based on____.
选项 A、personal decisions
B、society’s laws
C、friends’ opinions
D、statistical evidence
答案D
解析 题目问：根据“Fries and Crapo”的观点，充分的健康选择应建立在什么基础上?通过阅读文章可知,“Friesand Crapo”认为，对于那些热衷于保持生命质量和生命数量的人来说，个人的健康选择应反映在一些行为上，这些行为与能够增加生命力和长寿的统计概率相关。“Thus，for those individuals who are interested in preserving both the quality and quantity of life，personal health choices should reflect those behaviors that are associated with a statistical probability of increased vitality and longevity．”所以，答案是D。
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