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  3. High levels of fertilizer and pesticides, needed when farmers try to produce high yields of the same crop year after year, pollu

High levels of fertilizer and pesticides, needed when farmers try to produce high yields of the same crop year after year, pollu

admin2019-11-17  10
问题 High levels of fertilizer and pesticides, needed when farmers try to produce high yields of the same crop year after year, pollute water supplies. Experts therefore urge farmers to diversify their crops and to rotate their plantings yearly.
To receive governmental price-support benefits for a crop, farmers must have produced that same crop for the past several years.
The statements above, if true, best support which of the following conclusions?
选项 A、The rules for governmental support of farm prices work against efforts to reduce water pollution.
B、The only solution to the problem of water pollution from fertilizers and pesticides is to take farmland out of production.
C、Farmers can continue to make a profit by rotating diverse crops, thus reducing costs for chemicals, but not by planting the same crop each year.
D、New farming techniques will be developed to make it possible for farmers to reduce the application of fertilizers and pesticides.
E、Governmental price supports for farm products are set at levels that are not high enough to allow farmers to get out of debt.
答案A
解析 Argument Construction
Situation Farmers are urged to rotate crops annually because the chemicals they must use when continuing to produce the same crops pollute water supplies. On the other hand, farmers may receive federal price-support benefits only if they have been producing the same crop for the past several years.
Reasoning What conclusion can be drawn from this information? Farmers wish to receive the price-support benefits offered by the government, so they grow the same crop for several years. In order to continue getting good yields, they use the high levels of chemicals necessary when the same crop is grown from year to year. The result is water pollution. The government’s rules for price-support benefits work against the efforts to reduce water pollution.
A Correct. This statement properly identifies the conclusion supported by the evidence.
B The experts cited in the passage believe that the rotation of crops is the solution, not the removal of farmland from production.
C The conclusion that farmers cannot make a profit by producing the same crop year after year is not justified by the information given in the premises. The information given suggests that this conclusion would actually be false, since these farmers would benefit by price-support measures for such a crop.
D No information in the passage supports a conclusion about farming techniques other than crop diversification and rotation, which are clearly existing farming techniques and not new or yet to be developed.
E This conclusion is unwarranted because there is no information in the two statements about the levels of the price supports and of the farmers’ debts.
The correct answer is A.
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