首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Sociology is defined as the study of human groups. In the broadest sense, sociology is concerned with understanding patterns of
Sociology is defined as the study of human groups. In the broadest sense, sociology is concerned with understanding patterns of
admin
2010-03-19
93
问题
Sociology is defined as the study of human groups. In the broadest sense, sociology is concerned with understanding patterns of human relationships, their causes and their effects. Unlike psychology, sociology does not attempt to explain the behavior of a particular individual under certain circumstances. Rather, sociology focuses on social trends or other influences that affect whole groups or categories of people. Thus, while a psychologist might counsel an individual who feels worthless after retiring from a long and successful career, a sociologist would be more likely to examine societal attitudes that may contribute to the loss of self-esteem experienced by many retired persons in our society.
The emphasis that sociology places on human groups rather than individuals stems directly from the work of Emile Durkheim, a pioneering sociologist of the nineteenth century. Durkheim likened the nature of a social group to bronze, a unique metal that is formed when the metals tin, copper, and lead are melted and mixed together. Durkheim noted that bronze is much harder than any of its component metals. In the same way, he reasoned, the characteristics of a social group viewed as a whole cannot be determined simply by examining the characteristics of its individual members. Nor can individuals be understood strictly in terms of the individuals themselves; when people come together as members of a particular group, the group exerts considerable pressure on the individual to conform to what it considers acceptable ways of thinking, feeling, and behaving.
Besides developing a theoretical foundation for the study of social groups, Durkheim also conducted research de- signed to corroborate his theoretical work. Using landmark research methods, Durkheim collected and analyzed data from a number of countries that kept records on suicides. He wanted to show that social environment may have a profound effect even on those behaviors we consider most personal. The results of his study showed that suicide rates do indeed vary according to specific social characteristics. For example, Durkheim found that members of religions with strong prohibitions against suicide are less likely to commit suicide than are members of religious groups with weaker prohibitions. He also found a lower incidence of suicide among married persons than among persons who were single or divorced. Taken together, the findings of Durkheim’ s study provided convincing evidence that social groups do indeed exert pressures that control or regulate the behavior of individuals, including deeply personal behaviors.
Durkheim’s rigorous research methods captured the attention of sociologists around the world, and were perhaps even more important to the future development of sociology than any specific research results could be. Within a short time, his specific approach to formulating and testing social theory became a model that guided the work of nearly all sociologists. This assured Emile Durkheim a lasting place as one of the key figures in the history of sociology.
According to the selection, how do sociologists and psychologists differ?
选项
A、Sociologists are more concerned with explaining behavior than are psychologists.
B、Psychologists focus more on individuals than do sociologists.
C、Sociologists spend more time helping people solve their problems than do psychologists.
D、Psychologists are more interested in understanding patterns of human relationships than are sociologists.
答案
C
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/KV9K777K
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
Forthemostpart,schoolsaredesignedtoproducepeoplewhofitintosociety,notpeoplewhosetouttochangeit.However,sc
Thestreams,oftenpettyandinsignificantduringdryweather,becomeraging______duringastorm.
Talktoanyoneinthedrugindustry,______you’llsoondiscoverthatthescienceofgeneticsisthebiggestfiringtohitdrugr
Mostearthquakesoccurwithintheupper15milesoftheearth’ssurface.Butearthquakescananddooccuratalldepthstoabout
Nature’sGiganticSnowplough OnJanuary10,1962,anenormouspieceofglacierbrokeawayandtumbleddownthesi
Everythingwithmeisgoingwell,sopleasedonotbeanxiousonmyaccount,______.
Ifeverythinggoeswell,thepatientwillsoonbe______fromthehospital.
Thestudentsaidtherewereafewpointsintheessayhe______impossibletocomprehend.
Itlookedlikeatypicalbusinessmeeting.Sixmen,neatlydressedinwhiteshirtsandties,filedintotheboardroomofasmall
TimeWarnerInc.ChiefExecutiveOfficerRichardParsonssaidonFridaythatthecompanyexpectsitsbig-budgetmovie"Troy,"wh
随机试题
只有免疫原性而无抗原性的物质称为不完全抗原,它包括肿瘤抗原、动物血清等。()
资本周转的时间是指__________。从资本周转的角度来考察资本的构成,划分为固定资本和流动资本的资本是__________。
Thewallwasbuiltalongtheriver______floods.
男性,25岁,发现蛋白尿、血尿1个月,伴乏力、食欲不振,既往慢性乙肝病史2年。最可能的诊断是
某市国税局接到群众举报,市属某工贸公司有进货不入账,企图逃税的行为,经查证责令该公司在5日内缴纳税款。第2天该公司不但未去缴税,反而将账户上的资金转走,税务局得到消息后,便责令该公司提供纳税担保。该公司到市政府找到主管部门,主管部门向国税局做了口头纳税保证
商品经济产生和发展的根本条件是()。
火塘是藏族家庭起居活动的中心。()
【2016下】论述如何做好幼小衔接工作。
一项最新研究发现,经常喝酸奶可降低儿童患蛀牙的风险。在此之前,也有研究人员提出酸奶可预防儿童蛀牙,还有研究显示,黄油、奶酪和牛奶对预防蛀牙并没有明显效果。虽然多喝酸奶对儿童的牙齿有保护作用,但酸奶能降低蛀牙风险的原因仍不明确。目前一种说法是酸奶中含有的蛋白
VisualFoxPro在SQL方面,不提供的功能是
最新回复
(
0
)