首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Speaking two languages rather than just one has obvious practical benefits. In recent years, scientists have begun to show that
Speaking two languages rather than just one has obvious practical benefits. In recent years, scientists have begun to show that
admin
2019-01-01
32
问题
Speaking two languages rather than just one has obvious practical benefits. In recent years, scientists have begun to show that being bilingual makes you smarter. It can have a profound effect on your brain, improving cognitive skills not related to language and even shielding against dementia in old age.
Researchers, educators and policy makers in 20 century considered a second language to be an interference, cognitively speaking, that hindered a child’s academic and intellectual development. There is ample evidence that in a bilingual’ s brain both language systems are active even when he is using only one language, thus creating situations in which one system obstructs the other.
But this interference isn’t so much a handicap as a blessing in disguise.
It forces the brain to resolve internal conflict, giving the mind a workout that strengthens its cognitive muscles. The collective evidence from a number of such studies suggests that the bilingual experience improves the brain’ s so-called executive function. These processes include ignoring distractions to stay focused, switching attention willfully from one thing to another and holding information in mind—like remembering a sequence of directions while driving.
Why does the tussle between two simultaneously active language systems improve these aspects of cognition? Researchers thought the bilingual advantage stemmed primarily from an ability for inhibition that was honed by the exercise of suppressing one language system. But that explanation increasingly appears to be inadequate, since studies have shown that bilinguals perform better than monolinguals even at tasks that do not require inhibition, like threading a line through an ascending series of numbers scattered randomly on a page.
The key difference between bilinguals and monolinguals may be more basic: a heightened ability to monitor the environment. "Bilinguals have to switch languages quite often," says Albert Costa, a searcher at the University of Pompeu Fabra in Spain. "It requires keeping track of changes around you in the same way that we monitor our surroundings when driving." In a study comparing Ger man-Italian bilinguals with Italian monolinguals on monitoring tasks, Mr. Cost and his colleagues found that the bilingual subjects not only performed better, but they also did so with less activity in parts of the brain involved in monitoring, indicating that they were more efficient at it.
The bilingual experience appears to influence the brain from infancy to old age, and there is reason to believe that it may also apply to those who learn a second language later in life.
The key difference between bilinguals and monolinguals is that_____.
选项
A、the basic ability restrains two languages
B、they pay attention to the changes of their own conditions
C、bilinguals are more efficient and cautious
D、bilinguals are more sensitive to surroundings
答案
D
解析
根据题干关键词定位到文章第四段,根据首句“而双语者和单语者的关键差别可能表现在更基本的层面上:监测环境的能力”可知,双语者更能迅速敏锐感知周围环境的变化。故D项“双语者对环境更敏感”与原文相符。A项“约束两种语言的基本能力”并不是关键差别。B项“注意他们自身条件的变化”与文中“注重的是周围环境的变化”表述相悖。 C项“双语者更有效率,更谨慎”,其中“更谨慎”并未在原文提及。故选D。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/KY6Z777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
SinceHenryFordturneditintoamass-marketproductacenturyago,thecarhasdeliveredmanybenefits.Ithas【C1】______econom
Theproblemwithtoday’shousingcrisis,politically,isthatitisjustnotallthatvisible.AttheendoftheSecondWorldWa
Theproblemwithtoday’shousingcrisis,politically,isthatitisjustnotallthatvisible.AttheendoftheSecondWorldWa
InalabinOxfordUniversity’sexperimentalpsychologydepartment,researcherRoiCohenKa-doshistestingarelativelynewbra
Consumersandproducersobviouslymakedecisionsthatmoldtheeconomy,butthereisathirdmajor【C1】______toconsidertherole
Eatinghealthilycostsabout$1.50moreperpersondaily,accordingtothemostthoroughreviewyetoftheaffordabilityofahe
Thearrivalofthemass-producedcar,justoveracenturyago,causeda(n)【C1】______ofbusinesscreation.Firstcamethemakers
Directions:Inthisparty,youareaskedtowriteanessayaccordingtotheinformationbelow.Youshouldwritemorethan150
Despiteyourbestintentionsandefforts,itis【B1】______:Atsomepointinyourlife,youwillbewrong.【B2】_______canbehar
Despiteyourbestintentionsandefforts,itis【B1】______:Atsomepointinyourlife,youwillbewrong.【B2】_______canbehar
随机试题
男性38岁,10多年来,反酸,嗳气,上腹部饱胀伴有规律性上腹部,空腹发作,夜间更重,进食可缓解。胃镜检查,十二指肠球部可见直径约lcm的圆形溃疡。不符合该患者疾病的描述是
下列哪项不符合DIC发病机制
纯度小于95%的二甲苯(粗二甲苯)
剑川木雕是()风格。
阅读下面的陈述:有较明确的英语学习动机和积极主动的学习态度。能听懂教师有关熟悉话题的陈述并参与讨论。能就日常生活的各种话题与他人交换信息并陈述自己的意见。能读懂相关年级学习阅读的简单读物和报纸、杂志,克服生词障碍,理解大意。能根据阅读目的运用适当
在一起民事侵权案件中,当事人提起上诉时,应()。
Inrecentyears,nonhumananimalshavebeenatthecenterofanintensephilosophicaldebate.Inparticular,manyauthorsha
“戊戌六君子”中,临刑前悲壮地说:“有心杀贼,无力同天,死得其所,快哉!快哉!”从而表现了为改革维新以死相拼、勇往无前的大无畏精神的是()。
A,B均是n阶矩阵,且AB—A+B.证明:A—E可逆,并求(A—E)-1.
以下关于无线局域网标准的描述中,错误的是()。
最新回复
(
0
)