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  3. Mobility of individual members and family groups tends to split up family relationships. Occasionally the movement of a family a

Mobility of individual members and family groups tends to split up family relationships. Occasionally the movement of a family a

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问题     Mobility of individual members and family groups tends to split up family relationships. Occasionally the movement of a family away from a situation which has been the source of Conflict results in greater family organization, but on the whole mobility is disorganizing.
    Individuals and families are involved in three types of mobility: movement in space, movement up or down in social status, and the movement of ideas. These are termed respectively spatial(空间的), vertical, and ideational(概念的)mobility.
    A great increase in spatial mobility has gone along with improvements in rail and water’transportation, the invention and use of the automobile, and the availability of airplane passenger service. Spatial mobility results in a decline in the importance of the traditional home with its emphasis on family continuity and stability. Even more important is the fact that spatial mobility permits some members of a family to come in contact with and possibly adopt attitudes, values, and ways of thinking different from those held by other family members. The presence of different attitudes, values, and ways of thinking within a family way, and often does, result in conflict and family disorganization. Potential disorganization is present in those families in which the husband, wife, and children are spatially separated over a long period, or are living together but see each other only briefly because of different work schedules.
    One index of the increase in vertical mobility is the great increase in the proportion of sons, and to some extent daughters, who engages in occupations other than those of the parents. Another index of vertical mobility is the degree of intermarriage between social classes. This occurs al- most exclusively between classes which are adjacent(邻近的)to each other. Engaging in a different occupation, or intermarriage, like spatial mobility, allows one to come in contact with ways of behavior different from those of the parental home, and tends to separate parents and their children.
    The increase in ideational mobility is measured by the increase in publications, such as news papers, magazines, and books, the increase in the percentage of the population owning radios, and the increase in television sets. All these tend to introduce new ideas into the home. When individual family members are exposed to and adopt the new ideas, the tendency is for conflict to arise and for those in conflict to become psychologically separated from each other.
Potential disorganization exists in those families in which _______.
选项 A、both parents have to work full time
B、the husband, wife, and children work too hard
C、the family members are subject to social pressures
D、the husband, wife, and children seldom get together
答案D
解析 事实细节题。题干中的Potential disorganization出现在第三段最后一句，而且题干中的exists in是该句中is present in的同义转述，由此可以看出此题考查的是对文章中those families in which后面的内容的改写。文章中的spatially separated over a long period和living together but see each other only briefly都说明了家庭成员seldom get together。因此，选项D符合文章语义。
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大学英语四级

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