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  3. Technological invention has directly or indirectly produced social change in every period of history. The invention of the horse

Technological invention has directly or indirectly produced social change in every period of history. The invention of the horse

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问题     Technological invention has directly or indirectly produced social change in every period of history. The invention of the horse collar in the Middle Ages was a【B1】______technological advance for agriculture; the【B2】______for use at sea so【B3】______navigation in the fifteenth  century that it led in the age of【B4】______; and the steam engine was an【B5】______factor in the industrialization of Europe in the nineteenth century.
    A discovery is another kind of technological【B6】______. While inventions add something  new to a culture, discoveries increase our knowledge of something that already exists. Gravity had always been there, but Newton "discovered" it: be【B7】______how this natural force worked and how its laws【B8】______to falling bodies. This knowledge made possible many new inventions.【B9】______.
    Since each invention makes more inventions possible, the speed of technological development tends to accelerate.  Benjamin Franklin experimented with electricity in the eighteenth century,【B10】______. In the hundred years since Edison invented the light bulb, the discovery  of electricity has led to tens of thousands of inventions, from the internal burning engine to the computer.【B11】______pose some of tile greatest challenges of our time.
【B5】
选项
答案essential
解析 形容词，蒸气机是十九世纪欧洲工业化的______因素。十八世纪瓦特发明制造出蒸气机，带动了其他行业的发展，从而引发了工业革命。由此可知，蒸气机是欧洲工业化的根本因素。
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