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  3. The biggest danger facing the global airline industry is not the effects of terrorism, war, SARS and economic downturn. It is th

The biggest danger facing the global airline industry is not the effects of terrorism, war, SARS and economic downturn. It is th

admin2009-04-27  93
问题     The biggest danger facing the global airline industry is not the effects of terrorism, war, SARS and economic downturn. It is that these blows, which have helped ground three national flag carriers and force two American airlines into bankruptcy, will divert attention from the inherent weaknesses of aviation, which they have exacerbated. (46)As in the crisis that attended the first Gulf War, many airlines hope that traffic will soon bounce back, and a few catastrophic years will be followed by fuller planes, happier passengers and a return to profitability. Yet the industry’s problems are deeper—and older—than the trauma of the past two years implies.
    As the centenary of the first powered flight approaches in December, the industry it launched is still remarkably primitive. (47)The car industry, created not long after the Wright Brothers made history, is now a global industry dominated by a dozen firms, at least half of which make good profits. Yet commercial aviation consists of 267 international carriers and another 500-plus domestic ones. (48)The world’s biggest carrier, American Airlines, has barely 7% of the global market, whereas the world’s biggest carmaker, General Motors, has (with its associated firms) about a quarter of the world’s automobile market.
    Aviation has been incompletely deregulated, and in only two markets: America and Europe. Everywhere else deals between governments dictate who flies under what rules. (49)These aim to preserve state-owned national flag-carriers, run for prestige rather than profit and numerous restrictions on foreign ownership hinder cross-border airline mergers.
    In America, the big network carriers face barriers to exit, which have kept their route networks too large. Trade unions resisting job cuts and Congressmen opposing route closures in their territory conspire to block change. In Europe, liberalization is limited by bilateral deals that prevent, for instance, British Airways (BA) flying to America from Frankfurt or Paris. To use the car industry analogy, it is as if only Renaults were allowed to drive on French motorways.
(50)In airlines, the optimists are those who think that things are now so bad that the industry has no option but to evolve. Frederick Reid, president of Delta Air Lines, said that events since the September 11th attacks are the equivalent of a meteor strike, changing the climate and leading to a "compressed evolutionary cycle". So how, looking on the bright side, might the industry look after five years of accelerated development?

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答案汽车工业产生于莱特兄弟发明飞机这一历史性创举之后不久，它现在已经是受控于十几家公司的全球性产业，这些公司中至少有一半获得了巨额利润。
解析 本句为复合句，句子主干为The car industry is a global industry。句中，created not long after the Wright Brothers made history为过去分词结构作定语，修饰the car industry；dominated by a dozen firms同样为过去分词结构作后置定语，修饰industry；half of which make good profits为定语从句，修饰先行词firms。在翻译时，The car industry，created…虽然表面上为被动，但中文里常用主动表达此含义，译为"汽车工业产生于"。另外，原句是有很多修饰语的长句，翻译时宜采用分译法，将长句变为短句。
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