首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Is Anybody Listening? I. Criticism of American colleges and universities A. teachers are not doing a good job of teaching —bus
Is Anybody Listening? I. Criticism of American colleges and universities A. teachers are not doing a good job of teaching —bus
admin
2018-04-10
92
问题
Is Anybody Listening?
I. Criticism of American colleges and universities
A. teachers are not doing a good job of teaching
—businesses suffer from【T1】______ executives【T1】______
B. students are not doing a good job of learning
—college graduates lack【T2】______ and general culture【T2】______
II. Inadequacy of the lecture system
A. example of Mary:
a. the professor never takes【T3】______ : class shrinks【T3】______
b. lectures are obsolete: boring class
c. the professor asks no questions:【T4】______ unnecessary【T4】______
d. tests are only for tests
B. universal problems with lecture classes
a. listening【T5】______ is hard work【T5】______
—slow speed of talk leads to【T6】______【T6】______
b. attending lectures is passive learning
—hard to【T7】______ the speaker’s next point【T7】______
—hard to take notes effectively
—lack of small【T8】______【T8】______
c. lecture system harms professors
—reduction in【T9】______ to the minimum【T9】______
—no【T10】______ from students【T10】______
HI. Reasons for【T11】______ of the lecture system【T11】______
A.【T12】______ love them【T12】______
—a lecture hall can hold more students than a discussion class
B. faculty members and students keep them alive and well
—professors can pretend to teach
—students can pretend to learn
C. they offer【T13】______ for professors to show off【T13】______
IV. Suggestions on the lecture system
—【T14】______ involving students in discussion【T14】______
—professors: energy, imagination and【T15】______【T15】______
—students: share the responsibility for their own intellectual growth
【T13】
Is Anybody Listening?
Good morning, everybody. Today, I’d like to talk about the problems with lecture classes.
Today, American colleges and universities are under strong attack from many quarters. Teachers, it is charged, are not doing a good job of teaching, and students are not doing a good job of learning. (1) American businesses and industries suffer from uncreative executives educated not to think for themselves but to mouth outdated truisms. (2) College graduates lack both basic skills and general culture. Studies are conducted and reports are issued on the status of higher education, but any changes that result either are largely cosmetic or make a bad situation worse.
One aspect of American education is the lecture system. To understand the inadequacy of this system, it is enough to follow an imaginary first-year student—let’s call her Mary—through a term of lectures on, say, introductory psychology. She arrives on the first day and looks around the huge lecture hall. (3) Once the hundred or more students enrolled in the course discover that the professor never takes attendance, the class shrinks to a less imposing size.
Some days Mary sits in the front row, from where she can watch the professor read from a stack of yellowed notes that seem nearly as old as he is. She is bored by the lectures, and so are most of the other students, to judge by the way they are nodding off or doodling in their notebooks. Gradually she realizes the professor is as bored as his audience. At the end of each lecture he asks, "Are there any questions?" in a tone of voice that makes it plain that he would much rather there weren’t.
Mary knows she should read an assignment before every lecture. (4) However, as the professor gives no quizzes and asks no questions, she soon realizes she needn’t prepare. At the end of the term she catches up by skimming her notes and memorizing a list of facts and dates. After the final exam, she promptly forgets much of what she has memorized.
Does the scene sound familiar to you? I bet it does. (5) One problem with lectures is that listening intelligently is hard work. Reading the same material in a textbook is a more efficient way to learn because students can proceed as slowly as they need to until the subject matter becomes clear to them. (6) Even simply paying attention is very difficult; people can listen at a rate of 460 words a minute, while the most impassioned professor talks at scarcely a third of that speed. This time lag between speech and comprehension leads to daydreaming. Many students believe years of watching television have sabotaged their attention span, but their real problem is that listening attentively is much harder than they think.
Worse still, attending lectures is passive learning, at least for inexperienced listeners. Active learning, in which students write essays or perform experiments and then have their work evaluated by an instructor, is far more beneficial for those who have not yet fully learned how to learn. (7) While it’s true that techniques of active listening, such as trying to anticipate the speaker’s next point or taking notes selectively, can enhance the value of a lecture, few students possess such skills at the beginning of their college careers. More commonly, students try to write everything down and even bring tape recorders to class in a clumsy effort to capture every word.
Students need to question their professors and to have their ideas taken seriously. Only then will they develop the analytical skills required to think intelligently and creatively. Most students learn best by engaging in frequent and even heated debate, not by scribbling down a professor’s often unsatisfactory summary of complicated issues. (8) They need small discussion classes that demand the common labors of teacher and students rather than classes in which one person, however learned, propounds his own ideas.
(9) The lecture system ultimately harms professors as well. It reduces feedback to a minimum, so that the lecturer can neither judge how well students understand the material nor benefit from their questions or comments. (10) Questions that require the speaker to clarify obscure points and comments that challenge sloppily constructed arguments are indispensable to scholarship. Without them, the liveliest mind can become weak. Undergraduates may not be able to make telling contributions very often, but lecturing insulates a professor even from the beginner’s naive question that could have triggered a fruitful line of thought.
(11) If lectures make so little sense, why have they been allowed to continue? (12) Administrators love them, of course. They can cram far more students into a lecture hall than into a discussion class, and for many administrators that is almost the end of the story. But the truth is that faculty members, and even students, conspire with them to keep the lecture system alive and well. Lectures are easier on everyone than debates. Professors can pretend to teach by lecturing just as students can pretend to learn by attending lectures, with no one the wiser, including the participants. (13) Moreover, if lectures afford some students an opportunity to sit back and let the professor run the show, they offer some professors an irresistible forum for showing off.
Then, what can be done to make things good? Well, I think (14) smaller classes in which students are required to involve themselves in discussion put an end to students’ passivity. Students become actively involved when forced to question their own ideas as well as their instructor’s. Their listening skills improve dramatically in the excitement of intellectual give-and-take with their instructors and fellow students. Such interchanges help professors do their job better because they allow them to discover who knows what. When exams are given in this type of course, they can require analysis and synthesis from the students, not empty memorization. (15) Classes like this require energy, imagination, and commitment from professors, all of which can be exhausting. But they compel students to share responsibility for their own intellectual growth.
Lectures will never entirely disappear from the university scene both because they seem to be economically necessary and because they spring from a long tradition. But the lectures too frequently come at the wrong end of the students’ educational careers—during the first two years, when they most need close, even individual, instruction. If lecture classes were restricted to junior and senior undergraduates and to graduate students, who are less in need of scholarly nurturing and more able to prepare work on their own, they would be far less destructive of students’ interest and enthusiasm than the present system. After all, students must learn to listen before they can listen to learn.
OK. That’s all for today’s talk. Thank you!
选项
答案
an irresistible forum
解析
根据句(13)可知,如果讲座式课堂给学生提供了悠闲地坐着看教授表演的机会,那么它们就为一些教授提供了炫耀自我学识的、让人无法拒绝的讲坛。通过题干中的professors和show off可知,答案为an irresistible forum。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/LGoK777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
(1)Here’sasmartideatomeettheever-increasingdemandforanEnglishuniversityeducation:letcollegeschargewhattheylik
StudyActivitiesinUniversityInordertohelpcollegeanduniversitystudentsintheprocessoflearning,fourkeystudya
StudyActivitiesinUniversityInordertohelpcollegeanduniversitystudentsintheprocessoflearning,fourkeystudya
A、Timeofsmoking.B、Quantityofcigarettes.C、Frequencyofsmoking.D、Typesofcigarettes.B男士问女士“你觉得你是重型烟民吗?”女士答道:不……我一周才抽3包烟,
A、Theypossessahighmotivation.B、Theyarebetterlanguagelearners.C、Theyalreadyknowmorethanonelanguage.D、Theyapply
ThingstobeTaughtinEverySchoolI.Introduction:Importanceofstudents’abilitytodealwiththerealworld.A.Speaker’so
PASSAGETHREEWhatdoesthephrase"offeringa’briefwindowoftime’forhumanstoeasilycrossthesea"(5thparagraph)mean?
“人们的生活越来越富裕,但却远不如以前那样快乐了”,这个现象似乎早已成为现代生活永恒的矛盾之一。一个可能的答案就潜藏在我们的心理因素中,即如何才能够满足。我们对于地位、财富的需求从来都不是孤立定位的,而是在与参照组——通常是那些我们自认为与其地位相当的人—
A、Thegolfcourse.B、Theoutdoorsports.C、Theoutdoorenvironment.D、Thelandscape.C第二部分的对话一开始男士就说到他想要一些新鲜空气和绿色植物,接着提到了高尔夫球场以及
随机试题
A.内分泌功能亢进B.内分泌功能减退C.内分泌功能正常D.激素受体不敏感E.下丘脑-垂体-靶腺轴的反馈抑制所致功能减退下列病症应归属为地方性甲状腺肿
咨询工程师进行投资项目市场预测,一般不采用的调查方法是()。
()是应急预案的总体描述,主要阐述应急预案所要解决的紧急情况、应急的组织体系、方针、应急资源、应急的总体思路,并明确各应急组织在应急准备和应急行动中的职责以及应急预案的演练和管理等规定。
塔式起重机适用于在范围内()的构件、设备的吊装。
某化学教师在一次化学考试中设计了如下习题,并对不同学生的解题结果进行了统计和分析。【试题】(多选)下列物质的用途与其化学性质相关的是()。A.用金刚石切割玻璃B.用氮气作食品包装袋的填充气C.用活性炭作净水剂
在解决问题的过程中,提出假设的方式有()
一部哲学史就是唯物主义和唯心主义、辩证法和形而上学这两对并列“对子”相互交错,相互对立,相互影响的历史。()
某强迫症患者常有杀人、在大庭广众之下脱衣服、见到异性就有拥抱接吻的冲动,尽管这些想法不会付诸实施,但却一直折磨着病人。该患者最可能患的是()
Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelist(A、B、C、
阅读下列函数说明和C++代码,将应填入(n)处的字句写在答题纸对应栏内。【说明】在销售系统中常常需要扣印销售票据,有时需要在一般的票据基础上打印脚注。这样就需要动态地添加一些额外的职责。如下展示了Decorator(修饰)模式。Salesorder对象
最新回复
(
0
)