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  3. Write an essay about 400 words for a university lecturer on the following topic: The costs of medical health care are increa

Write an essay about 400 words for a university lecturer on the following topic: The costs of medical health care are increa

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问题     Write an essay about 400 words for a university lecturer on the following topic:
    The costs of medical health care are increasing all the time. Governments are finding it difficult to balance the health care budget. Should citizens be totally responsible for their own health costs and take out private health insurance, or is it better to have a comprehensive health care system which provides free health services for all?
    You are to write an essay of approximately 400 words on the advantages of each situation, explaining which you think is better.
    In the first part of your letter you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion with a summary.
    Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.
    Write your composition on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.
选项
答案 A much debated issue these days is whether citizens should take out private health insurance or not. The cost of providing free medical care for both the wealthy and the poor is far too great for any government, and most people agree that if you can pay for insurance, you should. In this essay, I will argue that all who can afford it should be insured, but free medical care must be made available for those too poor to do so. The most important reason for encouraging people to take out private health insurance is the cost to the government of health care. Free health cover for people who are able to pay for it is a waste of public money. Of course, people will only pay health insurance premiums if they know that they are getting good value for their money. If they get sick, they should pay very little or nothing at all. In addition, the privately insured are entitled to special benefits such as having the choice of their own doctors, and being able to avoid long waiting lists for hospital beds. On the other hand, those who really cannot afford to pay private insurance premiums, which are often very high, are still entitled as citizens to the best medical care available -- they cannot be expected to pay their own medical hills. However, if they are working, they should still pay a percentage of their wage ( say 1 to 2% ) as a tax which pays towards the cost of providing free medical services. In conclusion, most people should privately insure their health, but it is unreasonable to suppose that all citizens can afford it. Therefore, a safety net in the form of a basic free health care system must exist for the very poor and the unemployed.
解析   这是一篇关于公民医疗问题的议论文。题目指出公民的医疗费用正逐步上升，政府已很难维持医疗预算的平衡，要求考生就公民应该自己买医疗保险，还是全部由国家负担，实行公费医疗这个有争议的现实问题谈谈自己的看法，并提出解决方案。那么，紧扣主题，文章可以分四段来写。
    在范文中，第一段第一句为主题句，从公民的医疗这个目前非常敏感而有争议的现实话题引出社会上存在的两种态度。第二句通过进一步解释来支持主题句，第三句用In this essay, I will argue that…来提出自己的观点：能自己负担就应该自己负担，困难者可以享受公费医疗；第二段和第三段分别提出主题论点并举例说明有条件者自己负担保险的好处和无条件者应享受公费医疗，两段中间用On the other hand来承接。第四段用In conclusion来作总结并强调自己的态度。
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