首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Complete the notes below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer. An Overview of The Research on Amber Amb
Complete the notes below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer. An Overview of The Research on Amber Amb
admin
2015-10-07
42
问题
Complete the notes below.
Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.
An Overview of The Research on Amber
Amber: a fossilised tree resin, which may be produced to protect itself against 【L31】______and fungi.
Colors
usual yellow, orange, or brown
uncommon colors e.g. blue(what causes the blue color in amber is related to the occurrence of 【L32】______.)
Formation
under sustained 【L33】______and pressure
during an 【L34】______stage between resins and amber, copal is produced.
Places and Conditions
commonly found on 【L35】______e.g. in Russia
avoid exposure to 【L36】______, rain, and temperate extremes
Inclusions
Dominican amber: 1 inclusion to every 100 pieces
Baltic amber: 1 inclusion to every 【L37】______pieces
Uses and Applications
It can be used to make ornamental objects and jewelry in 【L38】______settings.
Some people believe that its powder mixed with 【L39】______cures throat, eye and ear diseases.
It has even been used as a 【L40】______material, for instance using it to create Amber Room.
【L40】
Tonight I’m going to present an overview of the research on amber. Okay, I’ll start by giving a brief introduction about amber, then talk about the formation of amber, and then describe amber’s applications in different fields.
First of all, what is amber? Amber is not a stone, but is ancient, fossilised tree resin, which is the semi-solid amorphous organic substance secreted in pockets and canals through epithelial cells of the plant. And why is resin produced? Although there are contrasting views as to why resin is produced, it is a plant’s protection mechanism. The resin may be produced to protect the tree from disease and injury inflicted by insects and fungi.
Amber occurs in a range of different colors. Besides the usual yellow, orange, and brown, other uncommon colors are also associated with it. Interestingly, blue amber, the rarest Dominican amber, is highly sought after. It is only found in Santiago, Dominican Republic. There are several theories about what causes the blue color in amber. The most common one links it to the occurrence of volcanic dust that was present when the resin was first pressed out from hymenaea protera millions of years ago.
At this point, you might be curious about how amber is formed. Molecular polymerisation, resulting from high pressures and temperatures produced by overlying sediment, transforms the resin first into copal. Sustained heat and pressure drives off terpenes and results in the formation of amber. Copal that I’ve just mentioned is also a tree resin but it hasn’t fully fossilised to amber. More generally, the term copal describes resinous substances in an intermediate stage of polymerisation and hardening between "gummier" resins and amber.
So where can we find amber? It can be found on sea shores. The main producer worldwide is Russia. In fact about 90% of the world’s available amber is located in the Kaliningrad region of Russia, which is located on the Baltic. Here, the resin is washed up on the coast after being dislodged from the ocean floor by years of water and ocean currents. However, exposure to sunlight, rain, and temperate extremes tends to disintegrate resin. This also indicates that amber is not really an ideal fossil preservative for most uses.
We’ve already learned that amber is made of tree resin. It often includes insects that were trapped within the tree many millions of years ago. A piece with a visible and well-arranged insect is generally valued much higher than simple, solid amber. One Dominican amber source reported finding a butterfly with a five-inch wing spread; this is both a large and unusual find; most butterfly specimens have no more than a two-inch wingspan. Inclusions in Dominican amber are numerous - 1 inclusion to every 100 pieces; Baltic amber contains approximately 1 inclusion to every 1,000 pieces.
Now that you have a basic knowledge of amber, I’d like to talk a bit about amber’s applications in different fields. First, amber is appreciated for its color and beauty. Good quality amber is used to manufacture ornamental objects and jewelry, for instance using a variety of exclusive first class quality natural Baltic amber with silver to make natural amber jewelry. But due to the biodegradation of Amber fossils, people with amber jewelry have to take special care of it, to ensure that the amber is not damaged.
It was previously believed that amber worn on the neck served to protect one from diseases of the throat and preserved the sound mind. Kalistrate, a famous doctor in the Roman Empire wrote that amber powder mixed with honey cures throat, eye and ear diseases, and if it is taken with water, eases stomachache. While the mystery around that use of amber has not been cleared, one thing is sure: it will help effectively to defeat small malaises.
Amber has even been used as a building material. Amber created the altar in St. Brygida Church in Gdansk, Poland. In St. Petersburg, Russia, the walls of the famous Amber Room were lined with intricate carvings and inlaid designs. This palace room is being reconstructed from photographs, and can be visited at the Catherine Palace, located in the town of Tsarskoye Selo.
And finally, the fourth use of amber is that...
选项
答案
building
解析
building本题考查amber一直被用来做什么,词性预判此处需填单数名词。听录音时,注意抓取和material(材料)相关的信息,直至出现...have even used as a buliding materal。对于提纲填空题,答案空格前后的词会是关键的定位词,读题时注意圈画强调。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/LKAO777K
本试题收录于:
雅思听力题库雅思(IELTS)分类
0
雅思听力
雅思(IELTS)
相关试题推荐
Youshouldspendabout40minutesonthistask.Writeaboutthefollowingtopic:Anumberoftertiarycoursesrequirest
Youshouldspendabout20minutesonthistask.Thebargraphgivesinformationaboutthenumberoflibrarybooksborrowedf
Youshouldspendabout20minutesonthistask.ThechartsbelowshowthenumberofJapanesetouriststravellingabroadbetween
Youshouldspendabout20minutesonthistask.Thechartbelowshowsthetotalnumberofminutes(inbillions)oftelephonecal
Somepeoplesaythatcensorshipshouldbecancelledcompletely.Doyouagreeordisagreewiththestatement?Giveyourspeci
Shouldweinvestmoneyinspaceresearch?
Shouldacountryinvesthugeamountsofmoneyontheresearchofweapons?
随机试题
托马斯.阿奎那认为美有三个要素:完整、和谐、鲜明。这里的“美"所指的审美形态是【】
女性,48岁。发热,咳嗽1周。黄脓性痰,有臭味,每日约50ml。无拔牙史,皮肤无疖肿,既往体健。X线胸片示右下肺近心缘处大片浓密阴影,距膈约1.5cm处有一2.5cm×3.3cm空洞伴液平面,内壁光整,空洞不偏心,侧位病灶位于下叶前段和内侧段,近似三角形。
下列哪项是尿石症的临床特点
下列哪项不符合延髓麻痹的诊断
2011年3月3日,全国政协十一届四次会议在北京开幕。海外媒体高度关注中国两会的召开,由于恰逢()规划开局之年,因此成为媒体关注的一大焦点。
重大事故应由()进行调查。
从商业观点来看,可以说CIF合同的目的不是货物本身,而是与货物有关的单据的买卖。()
允许商品流通企业将采购商品过程中发生的金额较小的运杂费直接计入当期损益,体现了会计信息的重要性质量要求。()
设λ1,λ2是矩阵A的两个不同的特征值,对应的特征向量分别为α1,α2,则α1,A(α1+α2)线性无关的充分必要条件是
A、Hewillhaveatalkwiththewoman.B、Hewillgohomenow.C、Hewillgotothelibrary.D、Hewillreadthebookforthewoman.
最新回复
(
0
)