首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
On October 2nd, Ashoka Mukpo left his father a voice mail from Monrovia, saying he had "unwelcome but not unexpected news. " Muk
On October 2nd, Ashoka Mukpo left his father a voice mail from Monrovia, saying he had "unwelcome but not unexpected news. " Muk
admin
2019-07-19
24
问题
On October 2nd, Ashoka Mukpo left his father a voice mail from Monrovia, saying he had "unwelcome but not unexpected news. " Mukpo, an American freelance camera-man for NBC News, had tested positive for Ebola virus. Mukpo’s father, Mitchell Levy, a pulmonologist who heads critical care at Rhode Island Hospital in Providence, immediately helped arrange his son’s transfer to the Nebraska Medical Center in Omaha, one of the four specialized Ebola centres in the United States.
The big question then was how to treat the patient.
The medical team, which included Levy, planned to intensively monitor Mukpo and give him intravenous replacement of fluids and electrolytes, antibiotics to combat also had three unproven treatments available. TKM-Ebola, which inhibits viral RNA, has worked beautifully in monkeys, the best animal model. Kent Brantly, a missionary doctor in Liberia who developed Ebola and recovered, offered to donate plasma removed from his blood, which contained antibodies that might help. And there was brincidofovir, a drug being developed for other viral infections that has been shown to stop Ebola virus in test tubes. The most famous drug candidate, ZMapp, was not available at the time. After careful consideration, Mukpo and his doctors opted to use the serum—a proven intervention with other viruses—and brincidofovir, which has a substantial safety record. But they decided to forgo TKM-Ebola, despite its promise, because of worries that it could trigger overproduction of cytokines, a dangerous inflammatory response also caused by the Ebola virus, and scant data from human trials. "I was not quite on my deathbed and didn’t need to take any huge risks," Mukpo says. His doctor father had reached a similar conclusion. "I didn’t have a high degree of confidence that brincidofovir was going to work, but I was loath to try an investigational agent with no data," Levy says.
Mukpo survived, but no one has any idea whether the experimental treatments helped him, did nothing, or even slowed his recovery. The same is true for Brandy and 17 other Ebola patients who received experimental interventions in the United States and Europe.(One other Ebola patient was treated in Germany without any experimental interventions.)Many, like Mukpo, were given several treatments at the same time, making it hard to unravel the impact of anyone of them. The fact that they were taken care of in modern, well-staffed hospitals may also help explain why 75 % have survived. "Probably the best we can say is that the experimental treatments are not killing anyone," says Michael Kurllla, who heads the Office of Biodefense Research Resources and Translational Research at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases(NIAID)in Roekville, Maryland.
Now, that’s about to change. As early as next month, researchers will begin trials in West Africa to find a solid answer to the key question: Do the treatments work? Carried out in makeshift e-mergency hospitals by researchers wearing full protective gear in the middle of a deadly epidemic, these will be some of the most unusual drug trials ever done. And they also raise major ethical and practical questions, some of which were intensely debated at a World Health Organization(WHO)meeting in Geneva, Switzerland, on November 11th and 12th. Perhaps the most important one: Is it right to do randomized controlled trials(RCTs), in which some people don’t get the novel intervention ? Doctors without Borders(MSF), which has led the medical response to the outbreak, says no—not with a disease as deadly as Ebola. Instead, on November 13th MSF said it will take part in three trials that will use an alternative design in which everyone who enrolls receives the untested treatment. But others argue that such setups may not give clear answers and squander a precious scientific opportunity.
It’s an uncomfortable and complex debate held under extreme time pressure. " Everyone has stepped outside of their comfort zone in a big way," says Peter Horby of the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom, who is leading one of the upcoming trials and attended the WHO meeting.
Questions 66 to 70
Answer the following questions with the information given in the passage.
What did the medical team contemplate doing in Mukpo’s case?
选项
答案
It planned to intensively monitor Mukpo and give him intravenous replacement of fluids and electrolytes,antibiotics to combat secondary infections,and drugs to slow diarrhea and vomi一ting.
解析
(根据题干中关键词“contemplate”定位至文章第三段第一句,可知答案。)
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/LQfK777K
本试题收录于:
A类竞赛(研究生)题库大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)分类
0
A类竞赛(研究生)
大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)
相关试题推荐
TheABCofCookingIt’samarvellousideaforchildrentodosomecookingatanearlyage.Generally【76】(SPEAK),mostchil
LINDA:Lindawantsthecollegetoofferbetteradviceon【D1】______.Studentsneedmoreinformationaboutjobs【D2】______.Shethi
Inthissection,youwillhearashortpassage.Thereare10missingwordsorphrases.Fillintheblankswiththeexactwordso
Tertiaryeducation;-astudentistreated【D1】______-studentshavetobemoreindependentandberesponsiblefortheirowndec
PeopleintheUnitedStatesinthenineteenthcenturywerehauntedbytheprospectthatunprecedentedchangeinthenation’sec
WhyNoOneWalks?I’lltellyouthis,butyouhavetopromisethatitwillgetnofurther.Notlongafterwemovedhereweh
Youmaynotknowit,butyourbodyisconstantlyunderattack.Theenemiesaremicroscopicinvaderscalled"microbes"or"germ
Activelearningoccurswhenalearnertakessomeresponsibilityforthedevelopmentoftheactivity,emphasizingthatasenseof
—Asfarasphotographyisconcerned,CindyShermaniscurrentlythemostfamousartist.—Really?Tobehonest,________.
A、Atschool.B、Onthewaytoschool.C、Athome.D、Inthehospital.C女士问:“Tom还在医院吗?”男士回答说:“Tom已经出院了、,明天他就要去上课了。”说明Tom已经在家了。
随机试题
型号为QYDB119-100/1000E的潜油电泵,适用油井温度为()。
全国人代会会议举行前召开预备会议,预备会议___________。
旅游者的类型可以分为_______、_________和家庭事务型。
症见头晕目眩,少气懒言,乏力自汗,舌淡苔白,脉细弱,属于
属于喹啉衍生物类生物碱的是
基础代谢率是以单位时间内下列哪项为单位计算的产热量
2005年8月,设立于同一行政区域内的甲公司向乙公司订购了40台电脑,协议约定乙公司于2006年1月31日之前交货,甲公司于2006年3月15日之前付清货款。乙公司按期向甲公司交付了40台电脑,但甲公司只在2006年3月向乙公司交付了29台电脑款,其余11
下列各项中不属于劳务分包合同中承包人义务的是()。
采用方差分析法来推断某个因素对所考察的指标有无显著影响,该因素有K个水平,样本容量为N,则下列表述中正确的是()
用SOL语句将STUDENT表中字段“年龄”的值加1,可以使用的命令是
最新回复
(
0
)