首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Friction between America’s military and its civilian overseers is nothing new. America’s 220-year experiment in civilian control
Friction between America’s military and its civilian overseers is nothing new. America’s 220-year experiment in civilian control
admin
2017-03-23
31
问题
Friction between America’s military and its civilian overseers is nothing new. America’s 220-year experiment in civilian control of the military is a recipe for friction. The nation’s history has seen a series of shifts in decision-making power among the White House, the civilian secretaries and the uniformed elite (精英). However, what may seem on the outside an unstable and special system of power sharing has, without a doubt, been a key to two centuries of military success.
In the infighting dated to the revolution, George Washington waged a continual struggle not just for money, but to control the actual battle plan. The framers of the Constitution sought to clarify things by making the president the "commander in chief." Not since Washington wore his uniform and led the troops across the Alleghenies to quell (镇压) the Whiskey Rebellion has a sitting president taken command in the field. Yet the absolute authority of the president ensures his direct command. The president was boss, and everyone in uniform knew it.
In the Civil War, Abraham Lincoln dealt directly with his generals, and Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton handled administrative details. Lincoln, inexperienced in military matters, initially deferred (顺从) to his generals. But when their caution proved disastrous, he issued his General War Order No. 1—explicitly commanding a general advance of all Union forces. Some generals, George B. McClellan in particular, bridled at his hands-on direction. But in constitutional terms, Lincoln was in the right.
His most important decision was to put Ulysses S. Grant in charge of the Union Army in 1864. Left to its own timetable, the military establishment would never have touched Grant. The relationship between the president and his general provides a textbook lesson in civilian control and power sharing. Grant was a general who would take the fight to the enemy, and not second-guess the president’s political decisions. Unlike McClellan, for example, Grant cooperated wholeheartedly in recruiting black soldiers. For his part, Lincoln did not meddle in operations and did not visit the headquarters in the field unless invited.
The balance set up by Grant and Lincoln stayed more or less in place through World War I. Not until World War II did the pendulum finally swing back toward the White House. Franklin Roosevelt, who had been assistant Navy secretary during World War I, was as well prepared to be commander in chief as any wartime president since George Washington.
According to the author, the system of power sharing between the White House and the generals________.
选项
A、is unstable and strange
B、is a guarantee for American military success
C、has caused a series of quarrels
D、undermines the bases of American military power
答案
B
解析
文章开头就指出,美国军界及其文职上司的矛盾由来已久,但是这个貌似脆弱的分享权力的体系,却是二百多年来美国军事胜利的保障。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/LRLi777K
0
在职申硕(同等学力)英语
相关试题推荐
IsthereenoughoilbeneaththeArcticNationalWildlifeRefuge(ANWR)tohelpsecureAmerica’senergyfuture?PresidentBushcer
IsthereenoughoilbeneaththeArcticNationalWildlifeRefuge(ANWR)tohelpsecureAmerica’senergyfuture?PresidentBushcer
IsthereenoughoilbeneaththeArcticNationalWildlifeRefuge(ANWR)tohelpsecureAmerica’senergyfuture?PresidentBushcer
IsthereenoughoilbeneaththeArcticNationalWildlifeRefuge(ANWR)tohelpsecureAmerica’senergyfuture?PresidentBushcer
MostpeoplewouldbeimpressedbythehighqualityofmedicineavailabletomostAmericans.Thereisalotofspecialization,a
Theydidconsiderableworkto______themassesoftheUnitedStateswiththeelementaryproblemsofLatinAmerica.
FundamentalSciencehasprovideduswithanincreasinglydetailedandaccurateunderstandingofNatureandtheworldaroundus.
Arecentreportonpopulationtrendconductedbythethink【1】oftheWorldwatchInstituteidentifiessignsofslowinggrowthin
随机试题
脓液中的必有成分是()
设曲线y=x-ex在点(0,-1)处与直线l相切,则直线l的斜率为().
A.指切进针法B.夹持进针法C.舒张进针法D.提捏进针法E.单手进针法针刺犬环跳穴时宜选用
下列属于专利权的保护对象的是( )。
债券投资组合构建中,()的选择则与投资经理对市场利率变化的预期相关。
今年年初,分析师预测某公司今后2年内(含今年)股利年增长率为6%,之后,股利年增长率将下降到3%,并将保持下去。已知该公司上一年末支付的股利为每股4元,市场上同等风险水平的股票的预期必要收益率为5%。如果股利免征所得税,那么今年年初该公司股票的内在价值最接
A注册会计师负责审计X公司2017年财务报表。在对库存现金实施监盘程序时需要提请相关工作人员参加监盘工作。注册会计师应当提请X公司参加库存现金监盘的人员是()。
下列各项不是构成EDI系统的要素的是()。
有位中学教师经常外出开会,班级管理完全交给学生自己,纪律居然井然有序。这一教师的领导最可能属于()
WritingPublicSpeeches1.SpeechesthatinformInformativespeeches:toshow,【T1】______andinformPossiblemethodsoforganiza
最新回复
(
0
)