2. 外语
  3. Since the 【21】______ of the National Environmental Policies Act in 1969, the United States Congress, legislature at the fede

Since the 【21】______ of the National Environmental Policies Act in 1969, the United States Congress, legislature at the fede

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问题      Since the  【21】______    of the National Environmental Policies Act in 1969, the United States Congress, legislature at the federal level, has  【22】______    a series of laws designed to prevent the air and water pollution and to  【23】______    noise. At the same time, legislatures at the state  【24】______    have also been active in this area, and many states have laws that are similar to the federal laws.  【25】______   ,a state law must not conflict with a federal  【26】______    or  【27】______    an unreasonable burden on interstate commerce.
   The city of Burbank in California adopted an ordinance  【28】______    the nighttime takeoffs of jet aircraft between 10 p.m and 7 a.m. Lockheed owned and operated the Burbank Airport. It  【29】______    Brubank to prevent the enforcement of the ordinance.
   The judgment is  【30】______    Lockheed. The federal government of the United States has passed laws  【31】______    aviation and noise in the federal Aviation Act of 1958 and the Noise Control Act of ]972. Such legislation preempted the field and  【32】______    state action, because  【33】______    regulations would place an unreasonable burden on interstate commerce. If each airport had its own landing time  【34】______   , it would be very difficult to plan flights. Moreover the bunching of flights to  【35】______    local curfews would produce even greater noise and would increase the danger of  【36】______    by increasing traffic  【37】______   . From the nature of aviation  【38】______   , a single national control was essential. As a local regulation, the  【39】______    prohibiting nighttime takeoffs adopted by the City of Burbank was  【40】______    declared illegal.
【32】
选项 A、included
B、involved
C、excluded
D、extended
答案C
解析 本题考查形近词语辨析。这句的意思是：这样的立法抢先占有这一领域，排除了各州的行动，因为地方的法规将给州际商业施加不合理的负担。根据文章意思，联邦政府抢先立法是为了约束各州的政府，排除或拒绝各州政府的不合理立法行动。include和involve“包括”； extend“延伸，伸展”；exclude“拒绝，排除”，符合原文意思。
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