首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
PASSAGE TWO (1) Most people have experienced the feeling, after a taxing mental work-out, that they cannot be bothered to
PASSAGE TWO (1) Most people have experienced the feeling, after a taxing mental work-out, that they cannot be bothered to
admin
2022-08-07
24
问题
PASSAGE TWO
(1) Most people have experienced the feeling, after a taxing mental work-out, that they cannot be bothered to make any more decisions. If they are forced to, they may do so intuitively, rather than by reasoning. Such apathy is often put down to tiredness, but a study published recently in Psychological Science suggests there may be more to it than that. Whether reason or intuition is used may depend simply on the decision-maker’s blood-sugar level—which is, itself, affected by the process of reasoning.
(2) E.J. Masicampo and Roy Baumeister of Florida State University discovered this by doing some experiments on that most popular of laboratory animals, the impoverished undergraduate. They asked 121 psychology students who had volunteered for the experiment to watch a silent video of a woman being interviewed that had random words appearing in bold black letters every ten seconds along the perimeter of the video. This was the part of the experiment intended to be mentally taxing. Half of the students were told to focus on the woman, to try to understand what she was saying, and to ignore the words along the perimeter. The other half were given no instructions. Those that had to focus were exerting considerable self-control not to look at the random words.
(3) When the video was over, half of each group was given a glass of lemonade with sugar in it and half was given a glass of lemonade with sugar substitute. Twelve minutes later, when the glucose from the lemonade with sugar in it had had time to enter the students’ blood, the researchers administered a decision-making task that was designed to determine if the participant was using intuition or reason to make up his mind.
(4) The students were asked to think about where they wanted to live in the coming year and given three accommodation options that varied both in size and distance from the university campus. Two of the options were good, but in different ways: one was far from the campus, but very large; the other was close to campus, but smaller. The third option was a decoy, similar to one of the good options, but obviously not quite as good. If it was close to campus and small, it was not quite as close as the good close option and slightly smaller. If it was far from campus and large, it was slightly smaller than the good large option and slightly farther away.
(5) Psychologists have known for a long time that having a decoy option in a decision-making task draws people to choose a reasonable option that is similar to the decoy. Dr. Masicampo and Dr. Baumeister suspected that students who had been asked to work hard during the video and then been given a drink without any sugar in it would be more likely to rely on intuition when making this decision than those from the other three groups. And that is what happened; 64% of them were swayed by the decoy. Those who had either not had to exert mental energy during the showing of the video or had been given glucose in their lemonade, used reason in their decision-making task and were less likely to be swayed by the decoy.
(6) It is not clear why intuition is independent of glucose. It could be that humans inherited a default nervous system from other mammals that was similar to intuition, and that could make snap decisions about whether to fight or flee regardless of how much glucose was in the body.
(7) Whatever the reason, the upshot seems to be that thinking is, indeed, hard work. And important decisions should not be made on an empty stomach.
In E. J. Masicampo and Roy Baumeister’s study, about ______ students who received no instructions in the video watching were given a glass of lemonade with sugar in it.
选项
A、121
B、60
C、30
D、15
答案
C
解析
从题目中的E.J.Masicampo and Roy Baumeister定位到文章第2、3段。第2段第2句表明共有121人参加了本次实验;倒数第2句表明其中一半的人,即约60人在看录像时没有受到任何指示;第3段第1句表明每组60人中,又有一半的人,即约30人在看录像后喝了加糖的柠檬汁。因此答案应选C。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/LXnD777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
在下图中,窗体的名称为fmTest,窗体中有一个标签和一个命令按钮,名称分别为Labell和bChange若将窗体的标题设置为“改变文字显示颜色”,应使用的语句是()。
目前广泛使用的Internet,其前身可追溯到()。
Didyouexamineyourpapermoneyclosely?Seeifyoucanlocatea$5,$10,or$20billprintedbefore1964andmarked"Federal
Travellingcanbeawonderfuladventure.Travellingbyairplane,however,canbeverytiring.Thefollowing【K1】________(be)s
Wefeelitisimportanttostartreadingtoyourchildrightfromthestart—theyoungerthebetter!Withlittleones(childrenf
Accordingtothereport,whatistheweatherliketonight?
(college)tutor男士问是否是collegelecturers“大学讲师”,女士纠正说是她的collegetutor“大学导师”。
WhichTWOproblemsdoesGroveridentifyconcerningthelecturers?APunctuality.BOrganisation.CAccessibility.
WhichTWOcharacteristicsapplytothebamboooven?AIt’ssuitableforwindyweather.BThefireislitbelowthebottomend
A、Peoplecansignupforwhateverwebsitetheylike.B、Peoplecancopywhateveronlineintotheirowncomputer.C、Peoplecanatt
随机试题
对医患关系中基本的道德规范的描述最准确的是
肠道病毒71型感染的两大临床特征是
女,65岁。绝经15年,阴道不规则流血10余天。高血压,糖尿病病史10年。妇科检查:宫颈光滑,宫体如8周妊娠大小,质软,双附件未见异常。应首先考虑的疾病是
一个工人被派去打扫洒在地上的白色粉末,不久后发现其出现呼吸困难和惊厥,通过检测发现白色粉末为鱼藤酮,鱼藤酮进入人体的作用是抑制
A、B、C三家施工单位的资质等级依次为施工总承包二级、一级和特级。其中,A和C组成了联合体,并在招标文件要求的截止日期之前提交了投标文件。下列行为不符合法律规定的是()。
在WORD文档中插入的图片可以进行的操作是( )。
根据新股发行询价制度的规定,询价分为( )阶段。
企业缴纳的下列税金中,应通过“应交税费”科目核算的有()。
为了防止游客在游览时走失,导游要做好的预防工作是()。
在社会主义职业道德中最高层次的要求是()。
最新回复
(
0
)