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  3. Mycenae strands on a hill skirted by two deep ravines. The site is a natural strong point, dominating the plain or Argos. It was

Mycenae strands on a hill skirted by two deep ravines. The site is a natural strong point, dominating the plain or Argos. It was

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问题     Mycenae strands on a hill skirted by two deep ravines. The site is a natural strong point, dominating the plain or Argos. It was first occupied about 3000 B.C. and a new settlement was made about 2000 B.C., which is generally believed to be the time when Greek speakers arrived in Greece. There is clear evidence for a sudden increase in the important and prosperity of this settlement about 1600 B.C., two grave circles have been found, one inside the later walls and containing six shaft graves, excavated by Schliemann in the 1870’s, the other rather earlier in date,(outside the walls, discovered in 1950. These graves contained a mass of gold and other precious objects of great beauty, including import from Minoan Crete and Egypt.
    The power and wealth of Mycenae increased rapidly. There was soon a uniform culture in mainland Greece, stretching from Thessaly in the north to the south of the Peloponnesus, with palaces at Thebes, Athens, Mycenae, Tiryns, and Pylos and probably at other sites not yet discovered. Although the palaces were the administrative centers of separate kingdoms, it seem likely that Mycenae was the leading, if not the dominated, kingdom. From 1500 B.C., the kings of Mycenae were buried in massive stone tombs outside the walls, of which the largest, the so-caller Treasury of Atreus, is a magnificent architectural achievement. About 1450 B.C. the Achaeans, as the Greeks of the Mycenaean period were called, invaded Crete and destroyed all the Minoan palaces except Knossos, which they occupied. Succeeding to and made settlements on the islands and in Asia Minor. The zenith of Mycenaean power and prosperity was in the early thirteenth century; in this period were built the walls, some of which still stand, and the lion gate, by about 1250 B.C., when the defenses were renewed and improved, there is evidence of destruction outside the walls. Trade declined; a period of upheaval and deterioration had begun. Tile Trojan War is thought to have occurred about this time. The traditional date for the fall of Troy is 1184 B.C., but the American archaeologist Blegen, who made the most complete recent excavations and found clear evidence of a prolonged siege, date the destruction of Troy to about 1240 B.C.. It looks as though the Trojan expedition was the last united effort of the Achaeans.
    Mycenae was subjected to three successive attacks in the following years. In the first, the houses outside the walls were destroyed; in the second, the citadel was sacked; in the third, it was finally destroyed and not reoccupied. The other mainland palaces were all sacked around 1200 B.C., presumably by bands of invading Dorian.
Who made the most complete excavations of the site, and what did he / they find?
选项 A、Schleimann, and be found six grave shafts containing gold.
B、Blegen, and he found evidence of a prolonged siege.
C、American archaeologists, and they found that the height of Mycenaean power and prosperity were in the early thirteenth century B.C.
D、A team of German archaeologists, and they found that the kings of Mycenae weft, buried in massive stone tombs outside the city walls.
答案B
解析 本题为事实细节题。根据第二段“but the American archaeologist Blegen，who madethe most complete recent excavations and found clear evidence of a prolonged siege”可知，Blegen完成了最近的一次考古挖掘，挖掘出了长时间围攻的证据。因此，B选项符合题目要求。而根据第一段“two grave circles have been found，one inside the later walls and containing six shaft graves，excavated by Schliemann in the 1870’s，the other rather earlier in date，outside the walls，discovered in 1950．These graves conmined a mass of gold and other precious objects of greatbeauty,including import from Minoan Crete and Egypt．”可知，Schliemann挖掘了一处墓穴群，第二处在1950年才挖掘，可推知Schliemann的挖掘并不完整。因此，A选项不符合题目要求，故排除。因此，B选项为正确选项。
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