首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Let us assume, for the moment, that labor is not prepared to work for a lower money-wage and that a reduction in the existing le
Let us assume, for the moment, that labor is not prepared to work for a lower money-wage and that a reduction in the existing le
admin
2014-03-02
34
问题
Let us assume, for the moment, that labor is not prepared to work for a lower money-wage and that a reduction in the existing level of money-wages would lead, through strikes or otherwise, to a withdrawal from the labor market of labor which is now employed. Does it follow from this that the existing level of real wages accurately treasures the marginal disutility of labor? Not necessarily. For, although a reduction in the existing money-wage would lead to a withdrawal of labor, it does not follow that a fall in the value of the existing money-wage in terms of wage-goods would do so, if it were due to a rise in the price of the latter. In other words, it may be the case that within a certain range the demand of labor is for a minimum money-wage and not for a minimum real wage. The classical school has tacitly assumed that this would involve no significant change in their theory. But this is not so. For if the supply of labor is not a function of real wages as its sole variable, their argument breaks down entirely and leaves the question of what the actual employment will be quite indeterminate. They do not seem to have realized that, unless the supply of labor is a function of real wages alone, their supply curve for labor will shift bodily with every movement of prices. Thus their method is tied up with their very special assumptions, and cannot be adapted to deal with the more general case.
Now ordinary experience tells us, beyond doubt, that a situation where labor stipulates (within limits) for a money-wage rather than a real wage, so far from being a mere possibility, is the normal case. Whilst workers will usually resist a reduction of money-wages, it is not their practice to withdraw their labor whenever there is a rise in the price of wage-goods. It is sometimes said that it would be illogical for labor to resist a reduction of money-wages but not to resist a reduction of real wages. For reasons given below, this might not be so illogical as it appears at first; and, as we shall see later, fortunately so. But, whether logical or illogical, experience shows that this is how labor in fact behaves.
Moreover, the contention that the unemployment which characterizes a depression is due to a refusal by labor to accept a reduction of money-wages is not clearly supported by the facts. It is not very plausible to assert that unemployment in the United States in 1932 was due either to labor obstinately refusing to accept a reduction of money-wages or to its obstinately demanding a real wage beyond what the productivity of the economic machine was capable of furnishing. Wide variations are experienced in the volume of employment without any apparent change either in the minimum real demands of labor or in its productivity, labor is not more truculent in the depression than in the boom-fax from it. Nor is its physical productivity less. These facts from experience are a prima facie ground for questioning the adequacy of the classical analysis.
The last paragraph of this passage indicates that
选项
A、labor resisted a reduction of money-wages, which characterized the depression of the 1930s in the U.S
B、labor demanded a real wage, which characterized the depression of 1930s in the U.S
C、neither labor refusing to work for a lower money-wage nor demanding a real wage could characterize the depression of 1930s in the U. S
D、both A & B
答案
C
解析
从文中“It is not very plausible to assert that unemployment...was due either to labor obstinately refusing to accept a reduction of money-wages or to its obstinately demanding a real wage...”可知。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/LkQO777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
Althoughtoomuch【C1】______tothesun’sultravioletrayscancauseskincancer,sunshinemayhavea【C2】______effectagainstsome
Althoughtoomuch【C1】______tothesun’sultravioletrayscancauseskincancer,sunshinemayhavea【C2】______effectagainstsome
Auniversityeducationaimsatraisingtheintellectualtoneofsociety,at______nationaltaste,atcultivatingthepublicmind,
Atheoryisanorganizedsetofprinciplesthatisdesignedtoexplainandpredictsomephenomenon.Goodtheoriesalsoprovides
Mynexthusbandwilldefinitelybehen-pecked.Everyonelaughablyassumesmypresentoneis,soImayaswellhavetheadvantage
Nosingleelementhastantalizedandtormentedthehumanimaginationmorethantheshimmeringmetalknownbythechemicalsymbol
Mostparentsencouragetheirchildrentotakeanactivepartinsocialevents,______thoseeventsdonotinterferewiththeirstu
Theatmosphereisasmuchapartoftheearthas______itssoilsandthewaterofitslakes,riversandoceans.
ThestabilityoftheU.S.bankingsystemismaintainedbymeansofsupervisionandregulation,inspections,depositinsurance,an
随机试题
战略环境分析是为战略决策和选择服务的。用“孙子”的语言,环境分析的内容是“天、地、彼、己”和“顾客”,其中“地”指一般环境。()
关于淋巴组织肿瘤的免疫标记。下列哪项是错误的?
患者,女,32岁,因甲型肝炎收入院治疗,应采取的隔离是
肺心病急性加重期死亡的首要原因是()
A.不检查水分B.根据所属类型的规定判定C.不得超过15.0%D.不得超过12.0%E.不得超过9.0%滴丸的水分含量为()。
中国银行理财客户经理的岗位职责包括( )。
2019年3月,ABC民间非营利扶贫基金会收到国家财政补助500万元,协议规定该资金只能用于贫困山区母亲的救助项目,如果违反协议需退还政府补助。至2019年12月31日,有450万元用于救助贫困山区母亲,其余50万元违反协议规定需退还并已实际支付。ABC扶
被称之为“书圣”的是我国著名书法家王羲之,其代表作《兰亭集序》的书体是()。
请论述教育对人的重大作用。
AnexpressionusedbyAmericansforabout100yearsis"topassthebuck".Itmeansrefusingtotakeresponsibility,lettingothe
最新回复
(
0
)