首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
自考
For some time past it has been widely accepted that babies—and other creatures—learn to do things because certain acts lead to "
For some time past it has been widely accepted that babies—and other creatures—learn to do things because certain acts lead to "
admin
2017-01-30
82
问题
For some time past it has been widely accepted that babies—and other creatures—learn to do things because certain acts lead to "rewards" ; and there is no reason to doubt that this is true. But it used also to be widely believed that effective reward, at least in the early stages, had to be directly related to such basic physiological(生理的)"drives" as thirst or hunger. In other words, a baby would learn if he got food or drink of some sort of physical comfort, not otherwise.
It is now clear that this is not so. Babies will learn to behave in ways that produce results in the world with no reward except the successful outcome.
Papousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to " reward" the babies and so teach them to carry out some simple movements, such as turning the head to one side or the other. Then he noticed that a baby who had had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making the learned response with clear signs of pleasure. So he began to study the children’s responses in situations where no milk was provided. He quickly found that children as young as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movement " switched on" a display of lights—and indeed that they were capable of learning quite complex turns to bring about this result, for instance, two left or two right, or even to make as many three turns to one side. Papousek’s light display was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would not turn back to watch the lights closely although they would "smile and bubble" when the display came on. Papousek concluded that it was not primarily the sight of the lights which pleased them, it was the success they were achieving in solving the problem, in mastering the skill, and that there exists a fundamental human urge to make sense of the world and bring it under intentional control.
The babies would "smile and bubble" at the lights because ______.
选项
A、the lights were directly related to some basic "drives"
B、the sight of the lights was interesting
C、they need not turn back to watch the lights
D、they succeeded in "switching on" the lights
答案
D
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/LoPR777K
本试题收录于:
电子商务英语题库经管类分类
0
电子商务英语
经管类
相关试题推荐
下列Internet的接入方式中,通过电话线实现接入的是
Humanbeingsactinadifferentwayfrom【C1】______ofanimalsjustbecausetheycanspeakwhileanimalscannot.【C2】______theclev
Humanbeingsactinadifferentwayfrom【C1】______ofanimalsjustbecausetheycanspeakwhileanimalscannot.【C2】______theclev
Humanbeingsactinadifferentwayfrom【C1】______ofanimalsjustbecausetheycanspeakwhileanimalscannot.【C2】______theclev
Humanbeingsactinadifferentwayfrom【C1】______ofanimalsjustbecausetheycanspeakwhileanimalscannot.【C2】______theclev
He______thatweshouldprobablyhaverain.
Humanbeingsactinadifferentwayfrom【C1】______ofanimalsjustbecausetheycanspeakwhileanimalscannot.Eventhecleveres
Suchattitudesamounttoabelief______leisurecanandshouldbeputtogooduse.
Ineducation,thereshouldbeagoodbalanceamongthebranchesofknowledgethatcontribute______effectivethinkingandwisej
随机试题
职工代表大会或全体职工讨论集体合同草案时应当有_______以上职工代表或者职工出席,而且必须经过全体职工代表半数以上或者全体职工________以上同意,该集体合同草案方可通过。()
为证实某公司所记录的资产是否均由该公司拥有或控制,记录的负债是否均为该公司应当履行的偿还义务,注册会计师采用下列哪种程序能够获取充分、适当的审计证据()
不属于药物制剂开发设计基本原则的是
妊娠合并风湿性心脏病产妇,心功能Ⅱ级,临产后护士所实施的护理措施应除外
GBJl33—1990《民用建筑照明设计标准》规定,直接眩光限制质量等级可按眩光程度分为()。
我国行业标准规定沥青混凝土面层外观质量要求有:表面应平整、坚实,不得有脱落、裂缝、推挤、粗细料集中现象,以及()等项内容。
某服装厂为增值税一般纳税人,增值税率17%,退税率16%。2011年11月外购棉布一批,取得的增值税专用发票注明价款200万元,增值税34万元,货已入库。当月进口料件一批.海关核定的完税价格25万美元,已按购进法向税务机关办理了《生产企业进料加工贸易免税证
N%#[}A¥{§A}%[R
Theirrefusaltosigntheinternationaltreatywas______bymanycountriesintheworld.
Shoalsoffishareabletomoveandturninseamlessformationbyfollowingsimplerulesthatarelikethoseusedbycardrivers
最新回复
(
0
)