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  3. With the possible exception of equal rights，perhaps the most controversial issue across the United States today is the death pen

With the possible exception of equal rights，perhaps the most controversial issue across the United States today is the death pen

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问题   With the possible exception of equal rights，perhaps the most controversial issue across the United States today is the death penalty．Many argue that it is an effective deterrent(威慑)to murder，while others maintain there is no convincing evidence that the death penalty reduces the number of murders.
  The principal argument advanced by those opposed to the death penalty，basically，is that it is
cruel and inhuman punishment，which is the mark of a brutal society，and finally that it is of questionable effectiveness as a deterrent to crime anyway．
   In our opinion，the death penalty is a necessary evil．Throughout recorded history there have always been those extreme individuals in every society who were capable of terribly violent crimes such as murder．But some are more extreme than others．
  For example，it is one thing to take the life of another in a fit of blind rage，but quite another to coldly plot and carry out the murder of one or more people in the style of a butcher．Thus，murder，like all other crimes，is a matter of relative degree．While it could be argued with some conviction that the criminal in the first instance should be merely isolated from society，such should not be the fate of the latter type murderer．
  The value of the death penalty as a deterrent to crime may be open to debate．But the overwhelming majority of citizens believe that the death penalty protects them．Their belief is reinforced by evidence which shows that the death penalty deters murder．For example，from 1954 to 1963，when the death penahy was consistently imposed in California，the murder rate remained between three and four murders for each 100．000 population．Since 1964 the death penalty has been imposed only once，and the murder rate has risen to lO．4 murders for each 100，000 population．The sharp climb in the state’s murder mte，which began when executions stopped，is no coincidence．It is convincing evidence that the death Denahy does deter many murderers．If the bill reestablishing the death penalty is vetoed，innocent people will be murdered—some whose lives may have been saved if the death penalty were in effect．This is literallv a life or death matter．The lives of thousands of innocent people must be protected．
The author’s response to those who urge the death penalty for all is likely to be( ).
选项 A、negative
B、friendly
C、supportive
D、hostile
答案A
解析 在第四段中，作者认为谋杀分为两类：一类是在盛怒之下杀人，另一类是有预谋的特别残忍的谋杀。他认为前一种杀人犯可以把他们与社会隔离起来，不一定要处以极刑。所以说作者并不赞成把所有杀人犯都处以死刑，因此A是正确答案。B“友好的”和C“支持的”显然是不对的；作者对把所有杀人犯都处以死刑只是不赞成，而不是怀有“敌意”，因此D也不对。
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