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  3. Bamboo reproduces in two ways. It flowers and produces seeds. It also produces new growth from its roots. Bamboo plants growing

Bamboo reproduces in two ways. It flowers and produces seeds. It also produces new growth from its roots. Bamboo plants growing

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问题     Bamboo reproduces in two ways. It flowers and produces seeds. It also produces new growth from its roots. Bamboo plants growing from its roots are called ZhuSun in China. Bamboo shoots are dug up and replanted in the field. Farmers harvest the leaves. They feed them to their animals.
    When you think about the growth of human population over the last century or so, it is all too easy to imagine it merely as an increase in the number of humans. But as we【S1】______. so do all the things associated with us,【S2】______our livestock (家畜). At present, there are about 1.5 billion cattle and domestic buffalo and about 1.7 billion sheep and goats. With pigs and poultry, they form a【S3】______part of our enormous biological footprint upon this planet.
    Just how enormous was not really apparent until the【S4】______of a new report, called "Livestock’s Long Shadow," by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
    Consider these numbers. Global livestock grazing (放牧) and feed production use "30 percent of the land surface of the planet." Livestock — which consume more food than they【S5】______— also compete directly with humans for water. And the drive to expand grazing land destroys more biologically sensitive terrain, rain forests【S6】______. than anything else.
    But what is even more striking, and alarming, is that livestock are【S7】______for about 18 percent of the global warming effect, more than transportation’s【S8】______. The culprits (罪魁祸首) are methane — the natural result of bovine digestion — and the nitrogen emitted by manure. Deforestation of grazing land adds to the effect.
    There are no easy trade-offs when it comes to global warming — such as cutting back on cattle to make room for cars. The human【S9】______for meat is certainly not about to end anytime soon. As "Livestock’s Long Shadow" makes clear, our health and the health of the planet depend on pushing livestock production in more【S10】______directions.
[A] publication    [F] multiply    [K] liable
[B] waste          [G] critical    [L] sustainable
[C] contribution   [H] passion     [M] responsible
[D] certainly      [I] concerning  [N] including
[E] yield          [J] available   [O] especially
【S8】
选项
答案C
解析 空前的transportation’s表明，本空应填一名词，[B]waste、[C]contribution、[H]passion入选。这里在比较牲畜和汽车在全球变暖中所起的作用，本空所填词在意思上应该与前面的be responsible for相似，故答案为[C]contribution“促成作用”。
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大学英语四级

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