2. 外语
  3. Oil is the substance that lubricates the world’s economy. Because so many of our modern technologies and services depend on oil,

Oil is the substance that lubricates the world’s economy. Because so many of our modern technologies and services depend on oil,

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问题     Oil is the substance that lubricates the world’s economy. Because so many of our modern technologies and services depend on oil, nations, corporations, and institutions that control the trade in oil exercise extraordinary power. The "energy crisis" of 1973-1974 in the United States demonstrated how the price of oil can affect US government policies and the energy-using habits of the nation.
    By 1973, domestic US sources of oil were peaking, and the nation was importing more of its oil, depending on a constant flow from abroad to keep cars on the road and machines running. In addition, at that time a greater percentage of homes and electrical plants were run on petroleum than today. Then, in 1973, the predominantly Arab nations of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries(OPEC)resolved to stop selling oil to the United States. The move was prompted by OPEC’s desire to raise prices by restricting supply and by its opposition to US support of Israel in the Arab-Israeli Yom Kippur War. The embargo(禁运)created panic in the West and caused oil prices to shoot up. Short-term oil shortage drove American consumers to wait in long lines at gas pumps.
    In response to the embargo, the US government enforced a series of policies designed to reduce reliance on foreign oil. These included developing additional domestic sources(such as those on Alaska’s North Slope), resuming extraction at sites that had been shut down because of cost inefficiency, capping the price that domestic producers could charge for oil, and beginning to import oil from a greater diversity of nations. The government also established a stockpile(贮存)of oil as a short-term buffer(缓冲)against future shortages. Stored underground in large salt caves in Louisiana, this stockpile is called the Strategic Petroleum Reserve, and currently contains over 600 million barrels of oil, roughly equivalent to one month’s supply.
Oil prices may exert influence not only on American government policies but on how energy______
选项
答案is used in the nation
解析 同义转述题。题干的主语Oil prices与原文中的the price of oil对应，题干中的谓语may exert influence是对原文中can affect的同义转述，原文中的US government policies和the energy—using habits of the nation并列作affect的宾语。在题干中，government policies作为介词on的宾语已经出现，因此介词on的另一个宾语应为the energy—using habits of the nation的同义表述。结合题干中给出的内容，on后面为how引导的名词性从句，energy为主语，故答案应为被动语态is used in the nation。
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