2. 考研
  3. In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list (A、B、C、

In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list (A、B、C、

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问题 In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list (A、B、C、D、E、F、G……) to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are several extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. (10 points)

    At Yale University, some ten students live off campus in a cooperative home they call the Green House. (41)______. Late at night, they drive to the store and quietly jump into its car-sized dumpster, picking out unopened packages of still fresh food. They find milk, eggs, bread and cookies, chocolate, soup, vegetables, even frozen pizzas and soymilk. Not only are most Green House residents vegetarian, but they are also moderate freegans, meaning that they eat mainly what they can get for free. These students, of course, are trying to leave as small an "ecological footprint" as possible.
    (42)______. Across America other devout environmentalists tire "off the grid", building shacks in the wilderness without running water or electricity. Frustrated with environmental destruction and waste, they have renounced the system that fosters and perpetuates it. Such ascetic anti-consumerism may be the most dramatic side of environmentalism, and it leads to cultural ferment that can set into motion political and economic change. Its practitioners focus on personal sacrifice, hoping that their ideals and asceticism will spread like a religion.
    (43)______. Our political and economic systems are deeply immature. Environmentalists need m spend just as much energy organizing political and economic environmentalism. Also, old-fashioned environmentalism often assumes that business is opposed to environmental protection. In fact, thousands of US companies are discovering, often with the help of energy consultants, how much money they have to stand from becoming environmentally efficient: saving energy and recycling within industry. The recent book Natural Capitalism: Creating the Next Industrial Revolution by Paul Hawkenetal now translated into Chinese, should get some of the credit for bringing about this transformation in attitudes.
    Paradoxically, the US is both the birthplace of global environmentalism and the world’s biggest environmental spender. Romanticism, the European and American literary and artistic movement that found God in the wilderness, had a strong long term impact on American thinking, starting in the middle third of the 19th century. In particular, renewed attention to the essays of Henry David Thoreau (1817-62) helped launch modern environmentalism a century after his death. (44)______. Why the discrepancy?
Most environmental damage cannot be boiled down to the choices made by individuals. Most environmental damage cannot be boiled down to the choices made by individuals. Rather, individuals are locked into a system in which heavy industry commits the majority of ecological crimes, buttressed by an economic system that squanders natural resources. The government gives away mining rights and opens public forests to loggers practically for free—and big business spends millions of dollars to make sure politicians keep on doing so. (45)______. For many environmental problems, the solution is organized political pressure and entrepreneurial innovation.

A. At times, the moral conviction and worldview of the Green House appear as all encompassing as a religious faith. Green House inmates live in the most environmentally "pious" way one could conceive of in the city.
B. But effective environmentalism requires more than words, more than cultural change. It requires legal and economic reform. It demands historically unprecedented policies incorporating the value of cherished natural resources in market calculations. It calls for new organizations and entrepreneurial commitment. Anyone have any ideas?
C. But one drawback of focusing environmentalist energy on abstaining from personal consumption is that such an approach can distract people from the larger muses of environmental destruction, which cannot be affected by individual choices to consume or not to consume.
D. Other government subsidies support several filthy industries. While the government pays for new freeways, thus subsidizing automobiles, it ignores trains and bus networks. Polluters don’t pay the real cost of externalities such as toxic waste and air and water pollution.
E. They recycle cans, bottles and paper meticulously, sorting them into the bins collected by municipal trucks in American cities. They reuse "grey water", meaning that they plug the drain when they shower and then use buckets to flush the toilet with the old soapy water. To prevent food from going to waste, they even get most of their groceries out of the trash of an upscale grocery store.
F. We should recall, however, that environmentalists have often been fobbed off with token gestures, idle talk and unimplemented treaties. Even President Bush, who has the worst environmental record of any American president so far, has mastered the art of (largely empty) environmentalist rhetoric.
G. Yet today America, with only 596 of the world’s population, produces 2496 of global carbon dioxide emissions. The US, like many other rich countries, has cleaned up its air and water, but it is still the biggest contributor to the greatest environmental threat ever global climate change.

选项
答案C
解析 本题的前一段谈及环保主义者为了保护环境而采取的一些放弃个人消费的做法。本题后，作者指出：我们的政治与经济制度远未完善，环保主义者需要花费更多的精力在政治与经济上发起环保运动。此外，老派的环保主义者常常以为工矿企业反对环境保护。显然，这是对上一段中环保主义者的做法持有保留态度，故选择C选项：但是，环保主义者专注于放弃个人消费的一个缺点在于，这一做法转移了人们的注意力，忽视了那些破坏环境的更主要原因，而个人选择消费还是不消费对那些重要原因是不起作用的。
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