2. 计算机
  3. ARPAnet is a wide area network(WAN)．A network that connected Department of Defense research sites across(1)．Created in 1 969 wit

ARPAnet is a wide area network(WAN)．A network that connected Department of Defense research sites across(1)．Created in 1 969 wit

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问题 ARPAnet is a wide area network(WAN)．A network that connected Department of Defense research sites across(1)．Created in 1 969 with funding from the Advanced Research Projects Agency(ARPA)．Undergoing constant research and development in the early—to mid一1970s，ARPAnet(2)aS the test bed for the development of(3)(the protocols that make the Internet possible)．A major goal of the ARPAnet project was to increase the military’s command and control capability by enabling communication across a variety of physically (4)media，including satellites．An allied goal was to create a robust network：(5)withstanding outages，such as those that might result from a nuclear exchange．ARPAnet met these objectives，but it also  (6)  its creators：It was found in short order that most ARPAnet users  (7)  use the network for(8)，such as electronic mail and discussion groups．Initially，the ARPAnet was available only to government research institutes and to universities holding Department of Defense(DoD)research contracts．In 1 983，ARPAnet was(9)into a high—security military network(Milnet)and an ARPAnet that was recast as a research and development network．Although it formed the  (10)  of the Internet，it was decommissioned in 1 990．
(10)
选项 A、hypothesis
B、proving
C、symbol
D、foundation
答案D
解析 ARPAnet系一种广域网(WAN)，一种连接整个美国的国防部研究机构的网络。它是由美国高级研究规划署(ARPA)提供资金，于1969年创建的。ARPA网作为开发TCP／IP(一种使互联网成为可能的协议)的试验台，在20世纪70年代的早期到中期就进行了不断的研究和开发。ARPA网项目的主要目标是通过能够在各种实际不相似的媒介(包括卫星)上进行通信来提高军事指挥与控制的能力。一个相关联的目标是建立一种能够耐受故障(诸如那些可能由核交换导致的故障)的健壮网络。ARPA网满足了这些要求，但也令其创建者惊奇的是，立即就发现大多数ARPA网用户更愿意将该网用于通信，如电子邮件和讨论组。最初，ARPA网仅用于政府研究机构和持有国防部研究合同的大学。1983年，ARPA网被分成高安全性军事网(Milnet)和作为一个研究和开发网络而重建的ARPA网。尽管ARPA网构成了因特网的基础，但它最终于1990年退役。
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