首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
The operation known as a hemispherectomy—the removal of half the brain-sounds too radical to ever consider, much less perform. I
The operation known as a hemispherectomy—the removal of half the brain-sounds too radical to ever consider, much less perform. I
admin
2015-10-20
32
问题
The operation known as a hemispherectomy—the removal of half the brain-sounds too radical to ever consider, much less perform. In the past century, however, surgeons have done it hundreds of times for disorders that cannot be controlled any other way. Perhaps surprisingly, the surgery has no apparent effect on personality or memory. Does that mean a person needs only half a brain? Yes and no. People can survive and function pretty well after the procedure, but they will have some physical disabilities.
The first known hemispherectomy was performed on a dog in 1888 by German physiologist Friedrich Goltz. Neurosurgeon Walter Dandy pioneered the use of the procedure on humans at Johns Hopkins University in 1923, operating on a patient who had a brain tumor. That man lived for more than three years before ultimately dying from cancer.
In 1938, after performing a hemispherectomy on a 16-year-old girl, Canadian neurosurgeon Kenneth McKenzie reported that it could stop seizures, a neurological disorder in the brain. And today brain surgeons perform hemispherectomies on patients who undergo dozens of seizures daily that resist all medication and stem from conditions that primarily afflict one hemisphere. "These disorders are often progressive and damage the rest of the brain if not treated," explains neurosurgeon Gary W. Mathern of the University of California, Los Angeles.
The surgery takes two forms. Anatomical hemispherectomies involve the removal of an entire hemisphere, whereas functional hemispherectomies take out only parts of a hemisphere—as well as severing the connections between the two halves of the brain. Doctors often prefer anatomical hemispherectomies because "leaving even a little bit of brain behind can lead seizures to return," says neurologist John Freeman of Johns Hopkins, which specializes in the procedure. On the other hand, functional hemispherectomies, which U.C.LA. surgeons usually perform, lead to less blood loss. "Our patients are usually under two years of age, so they have less blood to lose," Mathern says. Neurosurgeons have performed the functional operation on children as young as three months old. In these tiny patients, memory and personality develop normally.
Most Johns Hopkins hemispherectomy patients are older than five years. A recent study found that 86 percent of the 111 children who underwent the procedure at Johns Hopkins between 1975 and 2001 are either seizure-free or have non-disabling seizures that do not require medication. Another study found that children who underwent a hemispherectomy often improved academically once their seizures stopped. "One was champion bowler of her class, one was chess champion of his state, and others are in college doing very nicely," Freeman notes.
Which of the following best summarizes the text?
选项
A、Anatomical Hemispherectomy vs. Functional Hemispherectomy
B、Seizures and Hemispherectomy
C、Do You Need Only Half Your Brain?
D、To Cut or Not to Cut, That’s a Question.
答案
C
解析
推理判断题。根据题干直接定位到最后一段。该段中提到“接受过大脑半球切除手术的儿童一旦癫痫痊愈会在学业上取得进步”,由此可以推断出癫痫可能使病人脑部受伤并导致智力问题,C项与之相符。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/MVzZ777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
StrangethingshavebeenhappeningtoEngland.Still【1】fromthedissolutionoftheempireintheyears【2】WorldWarⅡ,nowtheEn
OnecountrythatiscertainoftheeffectoffilmsontourismisAustralia.TheTouristOfficeofQueenslandsaythat"Crocodile
OnecountrythatiscertainoftheeffectoffilmsontourismisAustralia.TheTouristOfficeofQueenslandsaythat"Crocodile
Thekeypositionandroleofwomenintheprocessofdevelopmentisincreasinglybeingrecognized.(1)_____thethreegreatWorl
Thoughusuallyunintendedandoftenunrecognized,muchofbehavioralscienceisavalue-ladenenterprise.【F1】Researchquestions
Theroleofgovernmentsinenvironmentalmanagementisdifficultbutinescapable.Sometimes,thestatetriestomanagetheresou
Nowthat2012isover,theWallStreetJournalisponderingwhetherthee-readereraiscomingtoanend.Althoughthestorysto
GenerationYgetscalledalotofnames.PersonalfinanceadviserscallgenY-ersspendthrifts.Marketersconsiderthembrand-lo
[A]Notgivingbonustoemployeeswhodeserveit[B]Notgivingpositiveinformation[C]Notlinkingindividualjobstothebigpic
随机试题
()是继“丹霞地貌”“张家界地貌”“嶂石地貌”“喀斯特地貌”之后的地质研究中确认的中国第五大造型地貌,具有极高的地质研究和旅游观光价值。
社会工作者小静针对单亲妈妈的未成年子女在成长过程中的特殊家庭环境问题,为未成年子女提供经济援助,向单亲妈妈提供角色培训。社会工作者所做的工作是()。
胆红素在肝细胞中与细胞内哪两种受体结合,将胆红素运载至细胞的滑面内质网处形成结合胆红素
早产儿指甲外观特点是
下列哪些测定方法不是供临床血药浓度测定的方法?()
为了保护城市环境,保证城市台阶式用地的土(石)稳定,要求台地间设置护坡或挡土墙。同时,在高差大于()的挡土墙或护坡顶要加设防护栏。
A公司对甲生产车间采取定额备用金管理制度。该车间报销日常管理费用支出时,正确的会计分录是()。
现金流量表中“收到的其他与经营活动有关的现金”项目应根据( )分析填列。
软件需求规格说明书的作用不包括
有两个关系R和S如下:则由关系R得到关系S的操作是()。
最新回复
(
0
)