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  3. Two factors weigh heavily against the effectiveness of scientific research in industry. One is the general atmosphere of secrecy

Two factors weigh heavily against the effectiveness of scientific research in industry. One is the general atmosphere of secrecy

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问题      Two factors weigh heavily against the effectiveness of scientific research in industry. One is the general atmosphere of secrecy in which it is  【21】______  , the other the lack of freedom of the individual research worker.  【22】______  any inquiry is a secret one, it naturally limits all those engaged in carrying it out  【23】______  effective contact with their fellow scientists either in other countries or in universities, or  【24】______  ,often err)ugh, in other departments of the same firm. The degree of secrecy naturally  【25】______  considerably. Some of the bigger firms are  【26】______  in researches which am  【27】______  such general and fundamental nature that it is a positive  【28】______  to them not to keep them secret.  【29】______  a great many processes depending on such research am sought for with complete secrecy  【30】______  the stage at which patents can be  【31】______  . Even more processes am never patented  【32】______  but kept as secret processes. This  【33】______  particularly to chemical industries, where chance discoveries play a much larger part  【34】______  they do in physical and mechanical industries. Sometimes the secrecy goes to such an  【35】______  that the whole nature of the research cannot be mentioned. Many firms, for instance, have great difficulty in  【36】______  technical or scientific books from libraries  【37】______  they are unwilling to have their names entered  【38】______  having taken out such and such a book,    【39】______  the agents of other firms should be able to trace the kind of research they are likely to be  【40】______  .
【30】
选项 A、when
B、until
C、unless
D、after
答案B
解析 until直到。本句译为：然而依赖这种研究的许多工艺流程是在完全保密的情况下寻找的，直到可以取得专利权的阶段为止。
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