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  3. There are several possible relationships between language and society. One is that social structure may either influence or de

There are several possible relationships between language and society. One is that social structure may either influence or de

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问题     There are several possible relationships between language and
society. One is that social structure may either influence or
determine linguistic structure and behavior.
    Certain evidence may support this view; age-grading phenomenon【S1】______
whereby young children speak differently from older children and,
in a turn, children speak differently from mature adults; studies【S2】______
which show that the varieties of language that speakers use reflect
such matters like their regional, social, or ethnic origin and possibly【S3】______
even their sex(or gender); and other studies which show that
particular ways of speaking, choices of words, and even rules for
conversing are in fact highly determined by certain social
requirements.
    A second possible relationship is directly opposed the first:【S4】______
linguistic structure and behavior may either influence or determine
social structure.
    A third possible relationship is that the influence is bi-direc
tional; language and society may influence each other.
A fourth possibility is to assume that there is no relationship at
all between linguistic structure and social structure and that every is【S5】______
independent of the other. A variant of this possibility would be to say
that, because there might be some such relationship, present attempts【S6】______
to characterize it is essentially premature, given what we know about【S7】______
both language and society. Actually, this variant view appears to be
the one which Chomsky himself holds; he prefers to develop an【S8】______
asocial linguistics as a preliminary to many other kind of linguistics,【S9】______
such an asocial approach being, in his view, logically superior.【S10】______
【S4】
选项
答案opposed∧一to
解析 介词缺失。be opposed to的意思是“反对……，与……相反”，因此需要在opposed后面加介词to。
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