首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Adults typically need seven to nine hours of sleep each night to feel fully rested and function at their best. However, American
Adults typically need seven to nine hours of sleep each night to feel fully rested and function at their best. However, American
admin
2015-03-25
74
问题
Adults typically need seven to nine hours of sleep each night to feel fully rested and function at their best. However, Americans are getting less sleep than they did in the past.【F1】
A 2005 National Sleep Foundation poll found that Americans averaged 6.9 hours of sleep per night, which represents a drop of about two hours per night since the 19th century, one hour per night over the past 50 years, and about 15 to 25 minutes per night just since 2001.
Unfortunately, we are not very good at perceiving the detrimental effects of sleep deprivation. Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania restricted volunteers to less than six hours in bed per night for two weeks. The volunteers perceived only a small increase in sleepiness and thought they were functioning relatively normally.【F2】
However, formal testing showed that their cognitive abilities and reaction times progressively declined during the two weeks.
By the end of the two-week test, they were as impaired as subjects who had been awake continuously for 48 hours.
Moreover, cognitive and mood problems may not be the only consequences of too little sleep. Researchers at the University of Chicago have shown that too little sleep changes the body’s secretion of some hormones.【F3】
The changes promote appetite, reduce the sensation of feeling full after a meal, and alter the body’s response to sugar intake—changes that can promote weight gain and increase the risk of developing diabetes.
A recent review by a team from Harvard Medical School found that all of the large studies that followed people over time agreed that short sleep duration was associated with future weight gain.【F4】
This connection was particularly strong in children; all 31 studies in children showed a strong association between short sleep duration and current and future obesity.
For example, a study by Susan Redline and colleagues at Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine showed an inverse correlation between sleep duration and obesity in high-school-age students.【F5】
The shorter the sleep, the higher the likelihood of being overweight, with those getting six to seven hours of sleep more than two and a half times as likely to be overweight as those getting more than eight hours.
We have many opportunities to avoid sleep—lights, electronic devices, and other entertainment offer round-the-clock temptations. But we must recognize the importance of sleep and make it a priority to get enough. It is a lot easier to prevent weight gain, diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart disease by getting enough sleep than it is to treat these problems once they develop.
【F2】
选项
答案
然而,测试表明,在两周的时间里,他们的认知能力和反应时间都逐渐下降了。
解析
本句是主从复合句,that引导的宾语从句作showed的宾语。翻译时要注意省略译法,因此本句中的formal testing可直接译为“测试”;而progressively一词有很多意思,其常用的意思是“前进地,发展中地”,在这里用这个意思明显不符合上下文的意思,因此译成“逐渐地,渐次地”。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/Mm74777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Throughoutthe19thcenturyandintothe20th,citizensoftheUnitedStatesmaintainedabiasagainstbigcities.Mostlivedon
StudythefollowinggraphcarefullyandwriteanessayconcerningtheprevalentuseofTVadsbyproducersto1)describeth
Theauthorwouldbemostlikelytoagreewithwhichofthefollowingconclusions?Thebesttitlewhichdescribesthecontentof
ThepopulationoftheUnitedStatesisonly6%theworld’spopulation,butAmericans(1)_____onethirdofalltheenergy(2)___
ThepopulationoftheUnitedStatesisonly6%theworld’spopulation,butAmericans(1)_____onethirdofalltheenergy(2)___
ThepopulationoftheUnitedStatesisonly6%theworld’spopulation,butAmericans(1)_____onethirdofalltheenergy(2)___
Thosewhowelcomedtherailwaysawitasmorethanarapidandcomfortablemeansofpassing.Theyactuallysawitasafactorin
WhyisEnglishsodifficult?ItisoftenthoughtthatthenumberofwordsintheEnglishlanguageisamajorreason,butthisis
"Wealthisnotwithoutitsadvantages,"JohnKennethGalbraithoncewrote,"andthecasetothecontrary,althoughithasoften
Researchershavestudiedthepoorasindividuals,asfamiliesandhouseholds,asmembersofpoorcommunities,neighborhoodsand
随机试题
强调采用股利政策应在资本利得和股利收益之间进行权衡的理论是__________。
缺乏维生素B12再生障碍性贫血
赵洪诉陈海返还借款100元。法院决定适用小额诉讼程序审理。关于该案的审理,下列哪一选项是错误的?(2014年试卷三第40题)
宝灵公司是一家牙膏生产企业。目前牙膏行业的销售额达到前所未有的规模,各个企业生产的不同品牌的牙膏在质量和功效等方面差别不大,价格竞争十分激烈。在上述情况下,宝灵公司的战略重点应是()。
我国文物保护单位的级别分为()。
在情境教学中,教学环境是一种人为设计的问题情境,它与现实问题情境()。
在TCP的拥塞控制中,慢开始和拥塞避免算法是怎样使用的?
A.providesB.duetoC.constructionD.servingE.ascendingF.enterpriseG.despiteH.permitsI.qualifiedJ.adjusting
Whatisthesubjectofthememo?WhatisthepurposeoftheoralFrenchcourse?Thepurposeofthememoisfortheengineers
下列()是石油的主要消费国。
最新回复
(
0
)