2. 财经
  3. We have known for a long time that the organization of any particular society is influenced by the definition of the sexes and t

We have known for a long time that the organization of any particular society is influenced by the definition of the sexes and t

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问题 We have known for a long time that the organization of any particular society is influenced by the definition of the sexes and the distinction drawn between them．But we have realized only recently that the identity of each sex is not so easy to pin down，and that definitions evolve in accordance with different types of culture known to us，that is，scientific discoveries and I deological revolutions．
Our nature is not considered as immutable，either socially or biologically．As we approach the beginning of the 21st century，the substantial progress made in biology and genetics is radically challenging the roles，responsilities and specific characteristics at tributed to each sex，and yet，scarcely twenty years ago，these were thought to be”beyond dispute”． We can safely say，with a few minor exceptions，that the definition of the sexes and their respective functions remained unchanged in the West from the beginning of the 19th century to the 1960s．
The role distinction，raised in some cases to the status of uncompromising dualism on a strongly hierarchical model，lasted throughout this period，appealing for its justification to nature，religion and customs alleged to have existed since the dawn of time．The woman bore children and took care of the home．The man set out to conquer the world and was re sponsible for the survival of his family，by satisfying their needs in peacetime and going to war when necessary．
The entire world order rested on the divergence of the sexes．Any overlapping or confusion between the roles was seen as a threat to the time—honored order of things．
It was felt to be against nature，a deviation from the norm． Sex roles were determined according to the”place”appropriate to each．Women’s place was，first and foremost，in the home．The outside world，i．e．workshops，factories and business firms，belonged to men．This sex-based division of the world(private and public)gave rise to a strict dichotomy between the attitudes，which conferred on each its special identity．The woman，sequestered at home，”cared，nurtured and conserved”．To do this，she had no need to be daring，ambitious，tough or competitive．
The man，on the other hand，competing with his fellow men，was caught up every day in the struggle for survival，and hence developed those characteristics which were thought natural in a man．
Today，many women go out to work，and their reasons for doing so have changed eonsiderably．Besides the traditional financial incentives，we find ambition and personal fulfillment motivating those in the most favorable circumstances，and the wish to have a sociallire and to get out of their domestic isolation influencing others．Above all，for all women，work．is invariably connected with the desire for independence．
According to the author，which of the following is the most important reason for women to go to work?
选项 A、Wish to claim their rights and freedom
B、Ambition and selfulfillment
C、Financial incentives
D、Dasire for a social 1ifP
答案A
解析 细节辨认题。本题问：按照作者的看法，下面哪一项是妇女参加工作的最重要的原因?最后一段最后一句写道：“最重要的，对于所有妇女米说，工作总是和渴单独立有关的。”可见，A项“希单得到她们的权利和自由”符合上述句意，因为此处权利与自由即为独立之意。
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