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  3. What’s the best way to make sure a kid eats an apple? Ask him if he wants one. It’s really that simple, according to a recent Ya

What’s the best way to make sure a kid eats an apple? Ask him if he wants one. It’s really that simple, according to a recent Ya

admin2015-02-12  44
问题     What’s the best way to make sure a kid eats an apple? Ask him if he wants one. It’s really that simple, according to a recent Yale University study in which cafeteria workers asked students if they wanted fruit with their meal, and raised consumption of the good stuff from 40 to 70 percent. Want her to eat her vegetables, too? Rename them. When a Cornell researcher told kindergartners they were eating "X-ray vision carrots" rather than plain old vegetables, the kids ate 50 percent more.
    Despite years of junk-food bans and stringent nutrition standards in the nation’s school cafeterias, childhood obesity hasn’t dropped. Now researchers are testing simpler strategies designed to "nudge" students toward healthier decisions. Lisa Mancino of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, which oversees school-meal programs, calls the new approach "stealth health", getting kids to eat healthy without even realizing it. As it turns out, the problem may not be the presence of junk food after all; it’s that the good food just isn’t appealing enough.
    Stealth health is an application of behavioral economics, an academic field that studies the role of environmental factors in decision making. "The general principle is finding changes that push people in the right direction without limiting their choices," says David Just, a behavioral economist at Cornell University. In the cafeteria, that means using environmental cues to make the most nutritious decision the most desirable one. The school lunch provides lots of opportunities for increasing the appeal of healthy foods; verbal encouragement while ordering(asking the fruit question), descriptive labels("rich vegetable medley soup" sounds a lot better than "vegetable soup")and improved access(a cafeteria, for example, where the "grab and go" section is the healthiest)can all help sway a student’s decision. Even the method of payment matters. One recent study found that students who pay for a meal with cash make significantly healthier decisions than those who use a prepaid card. David Just thinks such changes, which help kids make healthy decisions even when unhealthy options are available, better prepare students for the real world than flat-out bans on junk food.
    Not all nutrition experts are thrilled with Just’s suggestion that schools back off on bans and bring back cookies. "We don’t expose kids to cigarettes in schools, we don’t teach them comic books in English class, so why would we provide unhealthy options in the cafeteria?" says Tracy Fox, vice president of the Society for Nutrition Education. She likes the idea of cafeteria workers suggesting fruit, but is skeptical that kids, if given the choice, would pick bananas over brownies.
Which of the following is NOT true about behavioral economics?
选项 A、People coming up with Stealth Health apply this subject.
B、It focuses on the way people make their decisions.
C、It mainly pays attention to how environment affects people’s decision.
D、It advocates leading people to make right decisions while giving enough options.
答案B
解析 属事实细节题。文章第三段首句提到隐形健康这一理论是对行为经济学的应用，故选项A不合题意。第三段第一句中提到行为经济学主要研究影响人们决策的环境因素，而并不是人们怎么样做决定，故选项C不合题意，选项B符合题意。第三段第二句中讲到了行为经济学的总体原则，可判断选项D不合题意。
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