首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The age at which young children begin to make moral discriminations about harmful actions committed against themselves or others
The age at which young children begin to make moral discriminations about harmful actions committed against themselves or others
admin
2015-06-27
54
问题
The age at which young children begin to make moral discriminations about harmful actions committed against themselves or others has been the focus of recent research into the moral development of children. Piaget in his hypothesis stated that because of their immaturity, children under age seven do not take into account the intentions of a person committing accidental or deliberate harm, but rather simply assign punishment for on the basis of the magnitude of the negative consequences caused. According to Piaget, children under age seven occupy the first stage of moral development, which is characterized by moral absolutism (rules made by authorities must be obeyed) and imminent justice (if rules are broken, punishment will be meted out). Until young children mature, their moral judgments are based entirely on the effect rather than the cause of a transgression. However, in recent research, Keasey found that six-year-old children not only distinguish between accidental and intentional harm, but also judge intentional harm as haughtier, regardless of the amount of damage produced. Both of these findings seem to indicate that children, at an earlier age than Piaget claimed, advance into the second stage of moral development, moral autonomy, in which they accept social rules but view them as more arbitrary than do children in the first stage.
Keasey’s research raises two key questions for developmental psychologists about children under age seven: do they recognize justifications for harmful actions, and do they make distinctions between harmful acts that are preventable and those acts that have unforeseen harmful consequences? Studies indicate that justifications excusing harmful actions might include public duty, self defense, and provocation. For example, Nesdale and Rule concluded that children were capable of considering whether or not an aggressor’s action was justified by public duty: five year olds reacted very differently to "Bonnie wrecks Ann’s pretend house" depending on whether Bonnie did it "so somebody won’t fall over it" or because Bonnie wanted "to make Ann fell bad. " Thus, a child of five begins to understand that certain harmful actions, though intentional, can be justified; the constraints of moral absolutism no longer solely guide their judgments.
Psychologists have determined that during kindergarten children learn to make distinctions involving harm. Darley observed that among acts involving unintentional harm, six-year-old children just entering kindergarten could not differentiate between foreseeable, and thus preventable, harm and unforeseeable harm for which the perpetrator cannot be blamed. Seven months later, however, Darley found that these same children could make both distinctions, thus demonstrating that they had become morally autonomous.
Why do five-year-olds react differently to "Bonnie wrecks Ann’s pretend house"?
选项
A、Because they occupy the stage of moral autonomy.
B、Because they can distinguish between harmful and harmless acts.
C、Because they are capable of justify an aggressor’s action.
D、Because they realize that some of the intentionals are excusable.
答案
D
解析
文中第二段举了“伯尼毁坏了安的房子”这个例子,并说根据毁坏者的不同动机,五岁的孩子对该句话的反应完全不同。接着又总结说:因此,五岁的孩子开始理解到,有些伤害行为,即使是故意的,也可以原谅。综上,[D]为答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/NFXK777K
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
Whatshouldbedoneinordertofeedalargepopulation?
Goodmorning,everyoneandwelcometotheEnglishforAcademicPurposesCenter.I’dliketobeginbybriefly【D1】______theservi
BecauseofIsraeli______onHamasleaders,othercabinetmembersweresworninbyavideolinkfromtheWestBankcityofRamal
ComparedwiththefirstannulpollconductedbytheNationalSleepFoundation,2005sawa______percentincreaseinthenumber
TheColorofSnowGenerally,thecolorofsnowappearswhite./Thisisbecausethelightweseefromthesuniswhite./Mo
Whydidn’tchildrengotoschoolalongtimeago?
Sincethetwosculpturesare______,onemustbeareplicaoftheother.
Theshopkeeperdidnotwanttosellfor______hethoughtwasnotenough.
Fromthehealthpointofviewwearelivinginamarvellousage.Weareimmunizedfrombirthagainstmanyofthemostdangerous
Takingphotographsisstrictly_______here,asitmaydamagethepreciouscavepaintings.
随机试题
一般情况下,传热温差选用越小,传质单位热量总费用越低。()
1/2
A.It(人群发病率)-Iu(非暴露组发病率)B.Ie(暴露组发病率)-IuC.Ie/IuD.(RR-1)/RR×l00%E.[Pe(RR-1)]/[Pe(RR-1)+1]×100%AR的计算公式是
张某,初秋患痢,症见下痢,赤多少,高热,腹痛较甚,里急后重,渴饮冷,舌红苔黄,脉滑数。治疗剂最宜
为贯彻落实《证券法》的相关规定,提高保荐业务质量,规范保荐人的尽职调查工作,中国证监会于2006年5月发布实施了()。
()是以法律共同体的长期实践为前提,以法律共同体的普通法律确信为基础。
说到底,世上风景闲流水,端的还是要人慢下来。中国这如许的城市中,最是江城得了个中_______,且将它_______地挥洒出来。这_______江城街头巷尾,湖畔公园里数不胜数的茶馆、茶铺,一个人在清晨里不慌不忙地起来,_______到茶馆里,一坐就是一天
下列哪项不是酶的别(变)构调节特点
Thisis______.Splashis______.
Honestyisavirtue,andtellingalieismorallywrong.Buthowcanyou【C1】______ifsomeone’slying?Theansweris,they’repr
最新回复
(
0
)