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  3. Lithography is an art process of printing from a plane surface on which the image to be printed is ink-receptive and the blank a

Lithography is an art process of printing from a plane surface on which the image to be printed is ink-receptive and the blank a

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问题     Lithography is an art process of printing from a plane surface on which the image to be printed is ink-receptive and the blank area ink-repellent. Lithography is based on the antipathy of oil and water. A drawing is made in reverse on the ground surface of the stone with a crayon or ink that contains soap or grease. The image produced on the stone will accept printing ink and reject water. Once the grease in the ink has penetrated the stone, the drawing is washed off and the stone kept moist. It is then inked with a roller and printed on a lithographic press. As a process, lithography is probably the most unrestricted, allowing a wide range of tones and effects. Several hundred fine prints can be taken from a stone.  The medium was employed by many 19th century artists, including Goya, Delacroix, Daumier, Degas, and remains popular with contemporary artists. Among American artists noted for their lithographs are Currier and Ives.
    The Currier and Ives firm of lithographers was founded by Nathaniel Currier in 1834. James Ives joined the firm as a bookkeeper eighteen years later just after becoming Currier’s brother-in- law, and was made a partner in 1857. The pair showed an uncanny ability to predict what the American public would rush to buy in the way of cheap art, and literally hundreds of thousands of prints from as many as 7,000 individual pictures were named out and sold from the firm’s shop in lower New York by street vendors and over shop counters throughout the country and even in Europe. Though in the course of time the firm employed some of America’s finest artists, artistic excellence could certainly not be counted among the firm’s real goals. Nevertheless, some time after it went out of business in 1907, the prints enjoyed new popularity as collectors’ items, the rarer examples fetching thousands of dollars in the 1920’s.
According to the passage, what material is required for lithography?
选项 A、Rugged bark.
B、Coarse canvas.
C、Crinkled aluminum foil.
D、Smooth metal plate.
答案D
解析 本题为事实辨认题。本文并未正面交代平版印刷术所必需的材料，但通过第一句话 (“平版印刷术是一种在平面上进行印刷过程的技术，要求在该平面上需要被绘制的图像是接受油墨的，而不需要绘制图像的空白区域则是排斥油墨的”)可知，平版印刷术需要在平面上进行，而 A项“粗糙的树皮”，B项“粗糙的帆布”，以及 C 项“起皱的铝箔”均不符合平面的要求。
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