首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The ratio between payments into and out of a country is known as the country’s balance of payments. Besides the value of imports
The ratio between payments into and out of a country is known as the country’s balance of payments. Besides the value of imports
admin
2012-10-11
90
问题
The ratio between payments into and out of a country is known as the country’s balance of payments. Besides the value of imports, and exports (the balance of trade), the balance of payments includes private foreign loans (and interest); loans by governments, central banks, and international organizations; and movements of gold or reserve currencies.
An international medium of exchange is required for international trade. From the late 1800s until World War Ⅰ, most countries operated on the gold standard. Gold coins of standard specifications circulated freely between countries, making gold in effect an international currency. This system provided an automatic correction for some trade imbalances, but it had little liquidity (the money supply could not expand as rapidly as required by expanding trade), and it was vulnerable to short-term changes in the gold supply.
After the financial instability of the 1930s, the international monetary(货币的) system was rebuilt following World War Ⅱ on the gold-exchange standard. The values of most national currencies were fixed in relation to the U. S. dollar; reserves were kept in dollars, which could be exchanged on demand for gold at a set price ($35 an ounce until 1968). The International Monetary Fund (IMF), a key institution set up under this system, makes international loans with capital subscribed by its members which include most noncommunist states. Voting rights are proportional to the amounts subscribed. The IMF has been able, through its loans, to stabilize fluctuating currencies and to influence the internal financial policies of recipient(接受的) countries, a frequently criticized practice.
The success of the gold-exchange standard, however, depended on the superior position of the United States in world trade. In the 1960s, continual balance of payments deficits(赤字) lowered U. S. gold re serves and fatally undermined the system. In 1968 a two-tiered(两极的) system was adopted. Government banks maintained fixed gold prices, while nongovernmental buyers traded freely. Simultaneously, non-dollar special drawing rights (SDRs) were assigned to IMF members in proportion to their contributions. But these changes did not relieve strain on the U. S. dollar. In 1971 President Richard Nixon announced that dollars would no longer automatically be exchanged for gold, and since then there has been no single international monetary standard.
The gold standard had limited liquidity most probably because ______.
选项
A、the money supply could grow no faster than the supply of gold
B、it was impossible to convert the currency from country into another
C、the money supply varied independently to the gold supply
D、a nation’s currency could not be freely converted into gold
答案
A
解析
细节题。由题干limited liquidity(流动性限制)定位到第二段末句,由该句括号中的解释:资金供养不能根据货币需要而增加,可知A为正确答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/NWb7777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
【B1】【B5】
A、Peoplecantalkwithothersduringthetrip.B、Itonlytakes15minutestocrosstheriver.C、It’smuchcheaperthantraveling
Internationalairlineshaverediscoveredthebusinesstravelers,themanorwomanwhoregularlyjetsfromcountrytocountryas
A、Meetinginterestingpeopleinthecity.B、Beingabletoenjoytheworldofnature.C、Drivinginunsettledweather.D、Takinglo
Thepassageismainlyabout______.AccordingtoMichaelTwery,whydon’tthosepeoplewithsnoringproblemsgotoseetheirdoct
Judgingfromrecentsurveys,mostexpertsinsleepbehavioragreethatthereisvirtuallyanepidemicofsleepinessinthenatio
Judgingfromrecentsurveys,mostexpertsinsleepbehavioragreethatthereisvirtuallyanepidemicofsleepinessinthenatio
A、Inadoctor’soffice.B、Inanoperatingroom.C、Inaprofessor’soffice.D、Inagymnasium.A场景推断题。男士先说,他跟Grant医生约定来做身体检查,并已经预约
Theideawasthentointroducegreaterrationalitytothepublic______process.
Themechanismthat______theturntableisbroken.Therehastobesomeoneheretomenditthisafternoon.
随机试题
每一个硅抛光片上可制出成百上千独立的集成电路,这种硅片称为_______。
下列哪项不属于肉芽组织的组成成分?
颈椎椎间盘CT扫描的层厚、层距通常为
悬空高处作业人员应系挂安全带、佩戴工具袋。严禁在未固定、无防护的构件及安装中的管道上作业或通行。下列关于悬空作业的要求中,错误的是()。
根据反垄断法律制度的规定,下列以低于成本的价格销售商品的情形中,不属于违法行为的有()。
材料一“总有一天,到那时……所有的欧洲国家,无须丢掉你们各自的特点和闪光的个性,都将紧紧地融合在一个高一级的整体里;到那时,你们将构筑欧洲的友爱关系……”
(1)外表大大咧咧的她,其实内心里深藏着不为人知的丰富_______的感情。(2)经过_______深入的调查研究,这家公司最终选择上海作为进入中国市场的切人点。(3)我们在对某些教育现象进行分析后,_______应该思考教育的更深层次
根据下列材料回答问题。2013年1—9月,苏南、苏中、苏北地区生产总值分别为26273.1亿元、8426.8亿元、9784.8亿元,同比分别增长10.2%、11.9%、12.2%;规模以上工业增加值为11762.9亿元、4900.9亿元、4829
A.奶瓶龋B.环状龋C.猛性龋D.静止龋E.继发龋包括涉及下前牙在内的绝大多数牙齿的快速、广泛的龋蚀()。
Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions13—26whicharebasedonReadingPassage2below.Moleshapp
最新回复
(
0
)