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  3. Scientists have developed a computerised mind-reading technique which lets them accurately predict the images that people are lo

Scientists have developed a computerised mind-reading technique which lets them accurately predict the images that people are lo

admin2012-05-28  58
问题     Scientists have developed a computerised mind-reading technique which lets them accurately predict the images that people are looking at by using scanners to study brain activity.
    The breakthrough by American scientists took MRI (磁共振成像) scanning equipment normally used in hospital diagnosis to observe patterns of brain activity when a subject examined a range of black and white photographs. Then a computer was able to correctly predict in nine out of ten cases which image people were focused on. Guesswork would have been accurate only eight times in every 1,000 attempts.
    The study raises the possibility in the future of the technology being harnessed to visualise scenes from a person’s dreams or memory. Writing in the journal Nature, the scientists, led by Dr Jack Gallant from the University of California at Berkeley, said, "Our results suggest that it may soon be possible to reconstruct a picture of a person’s visual experience from measurements of brain activity alone. Imagine a general brain reading device that could reconstruct a picture of a person’s visual experience at any moment in time."
    It will inevitably also raise fears that a suspect’s brain could be interrogated (询问) against his will, raising the nightmarish possibility of interrogation for "thought crimes". The researchers say this is currently firmly in the realm of science fiction because the technique can only be applied to visual images and, to date, the experiments rely on clumsy MRI scanning equipment and extremely powerful magnets. The software decoder itself has to be adapted to each individual during hours of training while in the scanner.
    However the team have warned about potential privacy issues in the future when scanning techniques improve. "It is possible that decoding brain activity could have serious ethical and privacy implications downstream in, say, the 30-to 50-year time frame," said Prof Gallant. "We believe strongly that no one should be subjected to any form of brain reading process involuntarily, or without complete informed consent."
What constitutes the hardware part of the mind-reading technique?
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答案An MRI scanning equipment and a computer．
解析 根据题干中的hardware(硬件)的意义要求定位在第二段。第二段中提到了首段中a computerised mindreading technique的实施步骤，在按顺序介绍这些步骤的同时讲到了这种技术所需要的两种硬件：先是用MRI scanning equipment监测被试的大脑活动，然后用计算机(computer)做预测分析。
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