首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The age at which young children begin to make moral discriminations about harmful actions committed against themselves or others
The age at which young children begin to make moral discriminations about harmful actions committed against themselves or others
admin
2012-06-10
55
问题
The age at which young children begin to make moral discriminations about harmful actions committed against themselves or others has been the focus of recent research into the moral development of children. Piaget in his hypothesis stated that because of their immaturity, children under age seven do not take into account the intentions of a person committing accidental or deliberate harm, but rather simply assign punishment for on the basis of the magnitude of the negative consequences caused. According to Piaget, children under age seven occupy the first stage of moral development, which is characterized by moral absolutism (rules made by authorities must be obeyed) and imminent justice (if rules are broken, punishment will be meted out). Until young children mature, their moral judgments are based entirely on the effect rather than the cause of a transgression. However, in recent research, Keasey found that six-year-old children not only distinguish between accidental and intentional harm, but also judge intentional harm as haughtier, regardless of the amount of damage produced. Both of these findings seem to indicate that children, at an earlier age than Piaget claimed, advance into the second stage of moral development, moral autonomy, in which they accept social rules but view them as more arbitrary than do children in the first stage.
Keasey’s research raises two key questions for developmental psychologists about children under age seven: do they recognize justifications for harmful actions, and do they make distinctions between harmful acts that are preventable and those acts that have unforeseen harmful consequences? Studies indicate that justifications excusing harmful actions might include public duty, self defense, and provocation. For example, Nesdale and Rule concluded that children were capable of considering whether or not an aggressor’s action was justified by public duty: five year olds reacted very differently to "Bonnie wrecks Ann’s pretend house" depending on whether Bonnie did it "so somebody won’t fall over it" or because Bonnie wanted "to make Ann fell bad. " Thus, a child of five begins to understand that certain harmful actions, though intentional, can be justified; the constraints of moral absolutism no longer solely guide their judgments.
Psychologists have determined that during kindergarten children learn to make distinctions involving harm. Darley observed that among acts involving unintentional harm, six-year-old children just entering kindergarten could not differentiate between foreseeable, and thus preventable, harm and unforeseeable harm for which the perpetrator cannot be blamed. Seven months later, however, Darley found that these same children could make both distinctions, thus demonstrating that they had become morally autonomous.
According to Darley, which of the following abilities can six-year-olds acquire after seven months of kindergarten?
选项
A、Differentiating between foreseeable and unforeseeable harm.
B、Identifying with the perpetrator of a harmful action.
C、Justifying harmful actions that result from provocation.
D、Evaluating the magnitude of negative consequences resulting from the breaking of rules.
答案
A
解析
文章尾段提到刚进入幼儿园的六岁孩子could not differentiate between foreseeable…harm and unforeseeable harm,但几个月后他们发现孩子们具备了该种能力,故[A]正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/NxmK777K
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
Itisnaturalforyoungpeopletobecriticaloftheirparentsattimesandtoblamethemformostofthemisunderstandingsbetw
TheAmericansocietyis______anexceedinglyshakyfoundationofnaturalresources,whichisconnectedwiththepossibilityof
Nowherebutinthecontinuousresearchwork____findthemeaningofhislife.
Inmanyculturespeoplemakeadistinctionbetweenfineartandfolkart.Althoughtellingthedifferencebetweenthesetwotype
WriteonANSWERSHEETTWOanoteofabout50~60wordsbasedonthefollowingsituation:YouareChelsea.YourfriendLaurenh
IntheUnitedStates,olderpeoplerarelylivewiththeiradultchildren.Butinmanyothercultureschildrenareexpectedtoca
IntheUnitedStates,olderpeoplerarelylivewiththeiradultchildren.Butinmanyothercultureschildrenareexpectedtoca
Thereisnoperson______isalwaysintheright.
TheEskimoisperhapsoneofthemosttrustingandconsiderateofallIndiansbutseemstobe______thewelfareofhisanimals.
随机试题
关于李清照及其作品,下列说法中不正确的是()
下列可引起性传播疾病的病原体是
吴某,女性,50岁,因昨晚餐后2小时出现腹部剧烈疼痛,呕吐出大量食物残渣而入院,一月前作B超检查发现胆囊肿大,体检:体温39℃,BP100/80mmHg,全腹疼痛,测白细胞及淀粉酶增高,血钙降低。该患者经过抢救,康复出院,护士如何进行健康教育,除下列
《城建监察规定》的适用范围包括()
原始凭证按格式不同可分为()。
公安机关的(),决定了公安机关的任务。
Successfulinnovationshavedrivenmanyoldertechnologiestoextinctionandhaveresultedinhigherproductivity,greaterconsu
下列关于军人违反职责罪的犯罪主体的说法,正确的是()。
设方程组有无穷多个解,为矩阵A的分别属于特征值λ1=1,λ2=-2,λ3=-1的特征向量.(1)求A;(2)求|A3+3E|.
Thispassageimpliesthatwarisnow______.Theauthorbelievesthattheonlywaytoabolishwaristo______.
最新回复
(
0
)