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  3. The Walt Disney Company last week announced plans to restrict junk food commercials on its television programs aimed at children

The Walt Disney Company last week announced plans to restrict junk food commercials on its television programs aimed at children

admin2014-08-29  28
问题     The Walt Disney Company last week announced plans to restrict junk food commercials on its television programs aimed at children. A few days before, Mayor Michael Bloomberg took steps to restrict the sale of supersized sugary drinks in New York. But isolated changes may not make a substantial difference at a time when Americans are gaining weight as a nation. Reducing obesity will require a broader shift in the culture.
    For decades, people have treated obesity as a personal failure. They blame individuals and families for eating junk food and choosing television over exercise. But experts in this country and other industrialized nations have increasingly recognized that obesity is caused mostly by social and environmental factors that limit people’s ability to eat healthy foods and get enough exercise. Our modern society, with its enormous and diverse food supply and its host of labor-saving technologies, stacks the deck against them.
    The consensus of experts, in a report issued in May by the Institute of Medicine, is that only a nationwide, prevention-oriented approach will work. The causes of obesity are everywhere. Societal factors play a big role: the lack of safe places to play, walk or bike; less time devoted to cooking and more eating out; bigger portion sizes in packaged and prepared food; and endless marketing of junk foods that are high in calories. Sugar-sweetened drinks accounted for at least 20 percent of the increases in weight in the United States between 1977 and 2007, according to one study cited by the institute.
    The institute’s report suggests a number of remedies that it believes have been proved to work. In Somerville, Mass. , where some 40 percent of the younger elementary school children were overweight, there was a communitywide effort to offer healthier lunches in schools and restaurants, encourage walking and other physical activities, and change the small city’s culture. Children there gained less weight than their peers in other communities.
    In suggesting reductions in children’s exposure to junk-food marketing, the institute cites research showing a causal relationship between TV commercials and the food preferences of the very young. Other ideas are to increase physical activities in the schools to an hour a day and strengthen obesity prevention programs in the workplace.
    The institute says that a major cut in obesity rates will require multiple strategies on a population-wide scale. This will be even more challenging than the fight against smoking. But there isn’t any choice if we want to protect the public’s health, the strength of the economy and the government budget.
What can be inferred from the research cited by the Institute of Medicine?
选项 A、Restriction to TV commercials of junk food may help children eat less such food.
B、Young children are more easily to be influenced by TV commercials than adults.
C、Government should set strict laws to restrict the marketing of junk food.
D、People should be more cautious about TV commercials of junk food.
答案A
解析 推理判断题。由定位句可知，美国医学学会引用了一项研究证明自己建议减少儿童接触垃圾食品是正确的，而该研究表明了电视广告和儿童食物偏好之间存在因果关系，由此可推断，限制垃圾食品的电视广告有可能达到减少儿童食用此类食物的目的，因此A)“限制垃圾食品的电视广告有可能减少儿童食用此类食物”为本题答案。B)“儿童比成年人更易受到电视广告的影响”、C)“政府应当设立严格的法律限制垃圾食品的销售”和D)“人们应当对垃圾食品的电视广告更小心”均与原文不符．故排除。
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