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  3. The American Psychological Association (APA) warns that the loneliness epidemic now represents a threat to public health that ex

The American Psychological Association (APA) warns that the loneliness epidemic now represents a threat to public health that ex

admin2020-11-04  29
问题    The American Psychological Association (APA) warns that the loneliness epidemic now represents a threat to public health that exceeds that of obesity.
   Before getting into the specifics, we need to have a clear understanding of what loneliness is, and what it isn’t; Loneliness is defined subjectively, not objectively. In other words, what matters is not how many friends you have or how many people you have around you on a daily basis. Rather, what matters is whether you feel emotionally or socially disconnected from others. Indeed, many people who are married and live with family members report feeling significant loneliness, because they feel emotionally disconnected from their partners and loved ones.
   The most tragic and compelling aspect of the loneliness epidemic is how preventable it is. The problem is a fundamental lack of awareness, both for lonely people and for those around them. It isn’t easy to approach a friend or loved one and express concerns about their smoking habits or their obesity, yet many of us do so regardless. But how many of us have approached a friend or loved one to discuss our concerns about their loneliness?
   Public dialogues about the dangers of smoking and of obesity have gone on for decades. People who smoke and those who struggle with obesity are aware that their health and longevity are at risk. But lonely people are largely unaware of the risks they face, as are their friends and loved ones.
   Consider that when a loved one smokes, there is nothing we can do to help them other than urge them to change their habits and lifestyle. But when it comes to loneliness, we can actually be the solution; We can reach out, call, visit, and include them in activities and get-togethers. We can initiate deeper, more meaningful conversations and make them feel seen and loved.
   Solutions should come from within our neighborhoods and communities as well. Local municipalities and neighborhood associations could organize activities for retired persons. Schools can urge students to visit with homebound people or those with limited mobility. The options for interventions are numerous.
It can be learned from the second paragraph that______.
选项 A、those who often hang out with friends are less likely to feel lonely
B、those who live with family members are less likely to feel lonely
C、those who are married are more likely to feel lonely than unmarried ones
D、those who lack communication with partners are more likely to feel lonely
答案D
解析 推理判断题。第二段第一句首先指出孤独是从主观上界定的，而不是客观上。接着，第二句和第三句解释道，一个人孤独与否重要的不是看你有多少朋友或者每天身边有多少人围绕着你，而是要看你是否在情感上或社交上与他人脱节。由此判断，那些与伴侣缺乏交流的人更容易感到孤独，故答案为D)。A)“那些经常和朋友出去玩的人不太可能感到孤独”与第二句所表述的意思不符，故排除；B)“那些和家人一起生活的人不太可能感到孤独”，第二段第四句提到，许多已婚并与家庭成员生活在一起的人称自己感到非常孤独，因为他们感到自己与伴侣和所爱之人在情感上是脱节的，故排除；C)“那些已婚人士比未婚人士更有可能感到孤独”，第二段第四句提到了已婚人士也会感到非常孤独，但并未与未婚人士进行比较，故排除。
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