首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
For most of the twentieth century, scholars generally accepted the proposition that nations are enduring entities that predated
For most of the twentieth century, scholars generally accepted the proposition that nations are enduring entities that predated
admin
2018-07-04
38
问题
For most of the twentieth century, scholars generally accepted the proposition that nations are enduring entities that predated the rise of modern nation-states and that provided the social and cultural foundations of the state. This perspective has certainly been applied to Korea; most historians have assumed that the Korean nation has existed since the dawn of historical time. In recent years, however, Western scholars have questioned the idea of the nation as an enduring entity. Both Gellner and Anderson have argued, in their studies of European, Latin American, and Southeast Asian cases, that the nation is strictly a modern phenomenon, a forging of a common sense of identity among previously disparate social groups through the propagandizing efforts of activities of the modern state. In short, it was the state that created the nation, not the other way around.
Younger Koreanists, with Em prominent among them, have begun to apply this approach to Korea. These scholars, noting the isolated nature of village life in premodern Korea and the sharp difference in regional dialects, suggest that ordinary villagers could not possibly have thought of themselves as fellow countrymen of villagers in other regions. These scholars also note that elites, conversely, often had outward-looking, universalistic orientations, as did aristocracies elsewhere, such as in premodern Europe. Finally, they observe that the very word for “nation” in Korean, minjok, is a neologism first employed by Japanese scholars as translation of the Western concept and that it was first appropriated by Korean activists in the early twentieth century. They argue, therefore, that a Korean “nation” came into being only after that time.
In short, in the case of Korea we have an argument between “primordialists”, who contend that nations are natural and universal units of history, and “modernists”, who assert that nations are historically contingent products of modernity. The positions of both groups seem problematic. It seems unlikely that in the seventh century the peoples of the warring states of Koguryo, Peakche, and Shilla all thought of themselves as members of a larger “Korean” collectivity. On the other hand, the inhabitants of the Korean peninsula had a much longer history —well over one thousand years—as a unified political collectivity than did the peoples studied by Gellner and Anderson. Not only does the remarkable endurance of the Korean state imply some sort of social and cultural basis for that unity, but the nature of the premodern Korean state as a centralized bureaucratic polity also suggests the possibility that the organizational activities of the state may have created a homogenous collectivity with a sense of shared identity much earlier than happened in the countries of western Europe that provide the model for “modernist” scholarship.
The author would probably agree with which of the following statements regarding the work of Gellner and of Anderson?
选项
A、Neither Gellner’s nor Anderson’s work has had a significant influence on the study of the Korean nation.
B、Their argument that the nation is a strictly modern phenomenon does not hold in the case of Korea.
C、Both of them have downplayed the propagandizing efforts of Korean intellectuals as a means of forging a Korean identity.
D、Both of them have exaggerated the homogenizing impact of the state as a factor in the case of nations.
E、Both them have overestimated the extent to which disparate social groups find a common sense of identity through belonging to the same nation.
答案
D
解析
本文中体现作者观点的段落是第三段。同时我们已经知道,Gellner和Anderson研究的是欧洲、拉丁美洲和东南亚。作者在第三段第四句中说朝鲜的民族历史要长于Gellner和Anderson所研究的民族历史,因此我们只能判断出Gellner和Anderson的研究成果不适用于韩国。所以B选项对。本题D选项exaggerate也是在否定Gellner和Anderson的观点,但是从文中只能看出Gellner和Anderson的观点在韩国不适用,不见得在其他国家也是错的(国家起到的统一化力量这一观点在第一段第四句提到了)。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/O7jO777K
本试题收录于:
GRE VERBAL题库GRE分类
0
GRE VERBAL
GRE
相关试题推荐
Afarmerwith1,350acresoflandhadplantedhisfieldswithcorn,sugarcane,andtobaccointheratioof5:3:1,respectively,
Thepassagesuggeststhatalackofmodernsanitationwouldmakewhichofthefollowingmostlikelytooccur?Whichofthefoll
Accordingtothepassage,thefivewell-knownplanthormonesarenotusefulincontrollingthegrowthofcropsbecause______Th
Attheendofthenineteenthcentury,arisinginterestinNativeAmericancustomsandanincreasingdesiretounderstandNative
Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethataccidental-deathdamageawardsinAmericaduringthenineteenthcenturytendedtobeba
Theauthorindicatesexplicitlythatwhichofthefollowingrecordshasbeenasourceofinformationinherinvestigation?The
Australianresearchershavediscoveredelectroreceptors(sensoryorgansdesignedtorespondtoelectricalfields)clusteredatthe
Inseveralnineteenth-centurypaintingsthemarblebuildingsoftheAcropolisinAthensareportrayedasbeingreddish,butthe
BobWilberbecameSidneyBechet’sstudentandprotegewhenhewasnineteenand,forafewIncontrasttotruehibernatorssucha
Ascontrastedwiththehoneybee,theyellowjacketcanstingrepeatedlywithoutdyingandcarriesapotentvenomthatcancause
随机试题
已知通货膨胀率为3%,实际收益率为4%,则名义收益率为()。
肺动脉栓塞最常见的是
位于非洲的甲国和乙国爆发战争,丙国宣布战时中立,丙国作为战时中立的国家,下列哪一项不是丙国的权利或义务?()
简述创造性与智力的基本关系。
阅读关于“世界最大的黄土堆积区——黄土高原”的资料,按要求完成教学设计任务。材料一《义务教育地理课程标准(2011年版)》此标准要求:“运用地图说出区域的位置、范围,并对区域的地理位置作出简要评价,在地形图上识别区域主要的地形类型,并用自己的语言描述区
教师职业道德修养的最高层次是()。
根据以下资料,回答111-115题。2006年,全国研究与试验发展(R&D)经费总支出为3003.1亿元,比上年增加553.1亿元,研究与试验发展(R&D)经费投入强度为1.42%。按研究与试验发展人员(全时工作量)计算的人均经费支出为20万元,比
警察抓捕了甲、乙、丙三个牧师打扮的人,其中一个人是真正的牧师,另外两个分别是打扮成牧师样子的骗子和赌徒。但是现在警察无法分辨出他们谁是真正的牧师,因此他找到这三个人问话。警察问甲:“你是什么人?”甲回答:“我是赌徒。”警察又问乙:“甲是什么人?”乙回答:“
A、Togiveanexampleofadiscoverythatwasunexpected.B、Toillustratetheconsequencesofintensevolcanicactivity.C、Toque
Inanewarticle,fourLondondoctorswarnofaprofessionalwhoiscommittingmalpracticeandgettingawaywithit:thetoothf
最新回复
(
0
)