首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
For most of the twentieth century, scholars generally accepted the proposition that nations are enduring entities that predated
For most of the twentieth century, scholars generally accepted the proposition that nations are enduring entities that predated
admin
2018-07-04
43
问题
For most of the twentieth century, scholars generally accepted the proposition that nations are enduring entities that predated the rise of modern nation-states and that provided the social and cultural foundations of the state. This perspective has certainly been applied to Korea; most historians have assumed that the Korean nation has existed since the dawn of historical time. In recent years, however, Western scholars have questioned the idea of the nation as an enduring entity. Both Gellner and Anderson have argued, in their studies of European, Latin American, and Southeast Asian cases, that the nation is strictly a modern phenomenon, a forging of a common sense of identity among previously disparate social groups through the propagandizing efforts of activities of the modern state. In short, it was the state that created the nation, not the other way around.
Younger Koreanists, with Em prominent among them, have begun to apply this approach to Korea. These scholars, noting the isolated nature of village life in premodern Korea and the sharp difference in regional dialects, suggest that ordinary villagers could not possibly have thought of themselves as fellow countrymen of villagers in other regions. These scholars also note that elites, conversely, often had outward-looking, universalistic orientations, as did aristocracies elsewhere, such as in premodern Europe. Finally, they observe that the very word for “nation” in Korean, minjok, is a neologism first employed by Japanese scholars as translation of the Western concept and that it was first appropriated by Korean activists in the early twentieth century. They argue, therefore, that a Korean “nation” came into being only after that time.
In short, in the case of Korea we have an argument between “primordialists”, who contend that nations are natural and universal units of history, and “modernists”, who assert that nations are historically contingent products of modernity. The positions of both groups seem problematic. It seems unlikely that in the seventh century the peoples of the warring states of Koguryo, Peakche, and Shilla all thought of themselves as members of a larger “Korean” collectivity. On the other hand, the inhabitants of the Korean peninsula had a much longer history —well over one thousand years—as a unified political collectivity than did the peoples studied by Gellner and Anderson. Not only does the remarkable endurance of the Korean state imply some sort of social and cultural basis for that unity, but the nature of the premodern Korean state as a centralized bureaucratic polity also suggests the possibility that the organizational activities of the state may have created a homogenous collectivity with a sense of shared identity much earlier than happened in the countries of western Europe that provide the model for “modernist” scholarship.
The author would probably agree with which of the following statements regarding the work of Gellner and of Anderson?
选项
A、Neither Gellner’s nor Anderson’s work has had a significant influence on the study of the Korean nation.
B、Their argument that the nation is a strictly modern phenomenon does not hold in the case of Korea.
C、Both of them have downplayed the propagandizing efforts of Korean intellectuals as a means of forging a Korean identity.
D、Both of them have exaggerated the homogenizing impact of the state as a factor in the case of nations.
E、Both them have overestimated the extent to which disparate social groups find a common sense of identity through belonging to the same nation.
答案
D
解析
本文中体现作者观点的段落是第三段。同时我们已经知道,Gellner和Anderson研究的是欧洲、拉丁美洲和东南亚。作者在第三段第四句中说朝鲜的民族历史要长于Gellner和Anderson所研究的民族历史,因此我们只能判断出Gellner和Anderson的研究成果不适用于韩国。所以B选项对。本题D选项exaggerate也是在否定Gellner和Anderson的观点,但是从文中只能看出Gellner和Anderson的观点在韩国不适用,不见得在其他国家也是错的(国家起到的统一化力量这一观点在第一段第四句提到了)。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/O7jO777K
本试题收录于:
GRE VERBAL题库GRE分类
0
GRE VERBAL
GRE
相关试题推荐
Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto______Theauthorusestheword“only”inline23mostlikelyinorderto______
Intheeighteenthcentury,Japan’sfeudaloverlords,fromtheshoguntothehumblestsamurai,foundthemselvesunderfinancials
Australianresearchershavediscoveredelectroreceptors(sensoryorgansdesignedtorespondtoelectricalfields)clusteredatthe
Traditionally,thefirstfirmtocommercializeanewtechnologyhasbenefitedfromtheuniqueopportunitytoshapeproductdefin
Althoughgeneticmutationsinbacteriaandvirusescanleadtoepidemics,someepidemicsarecausedbybacteriaandvirusesthat
MilankovitchproposedintheearlytwentiethcenturythattheiceageswerecausedbyvariationsintheEarth’sorbitaroundthe
Thetheorythattheimpactofagiantmeteoritecausedtheextinctionofthedinosaursisbasedonevidencethatacloudofdust
Agroupofpaintingsmadeapproximately15,000yearsagoinacaveintheLoireRivervalleyinwhatisnowFrancedepictsanum
Incontrasttolargesteelplantsthattakeironorethroughallthestepsneededtoproduceseveraldifferentkindsofsteel,p
In1971researchershopingtopredictearthquakesintheshorttermbyidentifyingprecursoryphenomena(thosethatoccurafew
随机试题
吃糖后接着吃橘子会觉得橘予酸。这是感觉的()。
男性,31岁,右前臂皮下结节,直径1cm,境界清,无包膜,镜下由成纤维细胞样梭形细胞构成,席纹状排列,有单核组织细胞和散在多核巨细胞,偶见核分裂。诊断为
下列关于抵押合同的说法,正确的是()。
被称为“万园之园”的园林建筑是()。
人类阅读文化经历了几次重大转变,一次是从口传文化向印刷文化转变,这是传统文化向现代转变的重要节点。今天又有了另一个转变,从印刷文化向电子媒介文化的转变。比较来说,印刷文化孕育的是一种沉浸式阅读,其认知模式是深度注意力;而电子媒介催生了一种全新浏览式阅读,它
法人的民事权利能力始于()。
在管理实践中,我们应学会通过调查研究管理的规律.提高标准水平.采用先进的管理技术,不断提高管理效率。这体现了管理学的()。
[*]
ElectronicMailDuringthepastfewyears,scientistsallovertheworldhavesuddenlyfoundthemselvesproductivelyengaged
Howmenfirstlearnedtoinventwordsis(31);inotherwords,theoriginoflanguageisamystery.Allwereallyknowisthatm
最新回复
(
0
)