2. 外语
  3. Improving hearing, especially in a loud environment, is just like any other skill—it takes practice. The din (喧闹声) of a

Improving hearing, especially in a loud environment, is just like any other skill—it takes practice. The din (喧闹声) of a

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问题         Improving hearing, especially in a loud environment, is just like any other skill—it takes practice.
        The din (喧闹声) of a loud restaurant or party can make conversation difficult for anyone—but for the elderly, these settings can make it nearly impossible. The mechanics of hearing decline with age, but the latest research focuses on another part of the problem—the slower processing speed of aging brains, which have to work harder to translate sound into intelligible language.
        Research shows that musicians are better able to pick out speech from surrounding noise as they age compared to non-musicians. And a new study of auditory training with a commercially available brain training program suggests that most people who are hard of hearing can develop the same skills. In a report published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, scientists showed that people trained for 40 hours over 8 weeks with Posit Science’s "Brain Fitness" were able to pick out 41% more words from background noise compared to those who watched educational DVDs and were quizzed on their contents after the same amount of time. The authors received no funding from the makers of the program; the study was funded by the National Institutes of Health.
        The auditory training came in the form of computerized hearing tasks that primed the participants to hear better by requiring them to identify various speech sounds and distinguish between similar sounding syllables, for example, as well as repeating words and remembering stories.
        Both those who received the training and those who watched the DVDs were tested on short-term memory, brain processing speed and the ability to hear speech in noisy settings. All of the participants showed improvement in these measures, but for the first time, the scientists also documented that the sharper hearing was accompanied by earlier signaling in the brainstem. EEG electrodes on the head picked up this activity, which was related to how quickly the brain was distinguishing between sounds, such as language vs. background chatter. As the authors write in their paper, the training not only improved the ability to decipher (辨认) speech in noisy situations, it also sped up the brain’s ability to respond to it—bringing it to more "youthful" levels.
What can we learn from the report in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences’?
选项 A、Brain Fitness is a noisy setting.
B、Brain Fitness is an auditory training program.
C、Brain Fitness is an educational DVD.
D、Brain Fitness is the name of a magazine.
答案B
解析 推理判断题。由定位句可知，科学家在《美国国家科学院院刊》中的一篇报告里指出，人们在经过“健脑计划”训练后，能够从嘈杂的背景中听到更多的词语。根据定位句，再结合上下文意，可以推测出Brain Fitness应该是一项提高听力的训练，所以选择B。
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