Airbnb CEO Brian Chesky has said it’s his primary reference book on management techniques. Twitter co-founder Evan Williams is s

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问题     Airbnb CEO Brian Chesky has said it’s his primary reference book on management techniques. Twitter co-founder Evan Williams is said to have recommended it to employees. Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg is reportedly a huge fan.
    "It" is High Output Management, a business book first published in 1983, when many of today’s startup CEOs weren’t out of diapers or even born, when the Web didn’t exist and when social media meant a group of people sitting around watching the evening news together.
    Though it has a famous author, former Intel CEO Andy Grove, it’s far less known outside Silicon Valley than one of his other management books, Only the Paranoid Survive. A cult classic within tech circles, it never reached the best-seller lists and has never had the name-recognition other business book hits of the 1980s and 1990s enjoyed, such as In Search of Excellence, Built to Last and The Innovator’s Dilemma. Its popularity has taken off in recent years among members of a new generation of the technorati, helped by a wave of startup founders who have stayed on as CEOs rather than be replaced by professional managers.
    " It really gets into the mechanics of how you do various things at a really practical level," Horowitz, a well-known venture capitalist, says in an interview. "At the time it was written, the management stuff that was popular kind of made management seem easier—it didn’t get into the really nitty gritty. "
    That seems to be why it’s so well liked. Void of the pop theory and formulaic fads that make up so much of the genre, it’s written by an iconic CEO who has a PhD in electrical engineering and a lifetime of experience rather than merely a consultant’s shingle. It takes on the day-to-day stuff of management— meetings, performance appraisals, interviews, compensation—and deconstructs the process and goals of being a manager.
    Grove uses simple metaphors and describes the nuts and bolts of management—comparing production management to delivering breakfast as a waiter, for instance, or talking about how to get the most information out of an interview with a potential employee’s reference. Yet it has also been hugely influential. The "management by objective" approach he describes, also known as "objective and key results", is widely used at many companies today.
    Horowitz says that part of what makes the book so beloved is how much Grove’s personality comes through. As Horowitz said in a recent speech honoring Grove, " reading it, you could just feel what he wanted you to learn, and he did it by exposing—even as the most important guy in the whole industry— his own vulnerabilities. You could see that he knew what was hard about it. "
Which of the following is closest in meaning to "nuts and bolts"?

选项 A、Typical cases.
B、Basic elements.
C、Core notions.
D、The highest objectives.

答案B

解析 由题干中的“nuts and bolts”定位至第六段首句。语义理解题。第六段首句提到,格鲁夫用浅显的比喻来描述管理的nuts and bolts,在破折号的举例中提到了生产管理和信息挖掘,这些都可以说是管理学的基本要素和命题,故答案为B)。
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