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  3. Andrew Carnegie Born in Scotland, in 1835, Andrew Carnegie entered the world in poverty. Carnegie’s father came to America

Andrew Carnegie Born in Scotland, in 1835, Andrew Carnegie entered the world in poverty. Carnegie’s father came to America

admin2012-11-22  31
问题                                            Andrew Carnegie
      Born in Scotland, in 1835, Andrew Carnegie entered the world in poverty. Carnegie’s father came to America when Andrew was twelve, and his brother, Thomas, was five. Arriving in New York in 1848, the Carnegies settled in Allegheny City, Pennsylvania Allegheny City provided Carnegie’s first job, as a bobbin boy in a cotton factory, working for $1.20 a week. At 15, Carnegie became a telegraph messenger boy in Pittsburgh. Carnegie’s next job was as a railroad clerk, working for the Pennsylvania Railroad. He worked his way up the ladder, through his dedication and honest desire to succeed, to become train dispatcher and then division manager. At this time, young Carnegie, age 24, had already made some small investments that laid the foundations of his what would be tremendous fortune. One of these investments was the purchase of stock in the Woodruff Sleeping Car Company.
      In 1864, Carnegie entered the iron business, but did not begin to make steel until years later. In 1873, he built the Edgar Thomson works in Braddock, Pennsylvania, to make Bessemer steel. He established many other steel plants, and in 1892, he merged all of his interests into the Carnegie Steel Company. This act from Carnegie is fitting with one of his most famous quotations, "Put all of your eggs in one basket, and then watch that basket." This firm became one of the greatest industrial enterprises in America. Carnegie later sold it to J. P. Morgan’s United States Steel Corporation in 1901 for $ 400 million, which would be a little over $4 billion today!
     After retiring, Carnegie’s fortune was estimated to be as large as half a billion dollars. From that time on, with the philosophy that the rich have a moral obligation to give away their money, he devoted himself to philanthropy. Although ironic, this man of great fortune strongly believed in the merits of poverty for the development of character and work ethic, and determined that wealthy men should not leave their fortunes to their children, but should give it away, claiming "The man who dies thus rich, dies disgraced." With the picture of community service, Carnegie is quoted as saying, "Pittsburgh entered the core of my heart when I was a boy, and cannot be torn out. I can never be one hair’s breadth less loyal to her, or less anxious to help her in any way, than I have been since I could help anything. My treasure is still with you, and how best to serve Pittsburgh is the question which occurs to me almost every day of my life."
Which of the following statements is true, according to the passage?
选项 A、Andrew Carnegie was successful in his bold investments.
B、Andrew Carnegie put all his money into one basket for safety.
C、Andrew Carnegie became wealthy by merging his companies.
D、Andrew Carnegie made his first investment in the steel industry.
答案A
解析 本题是推理题。卡内基的成功在于他大胆投资。谚语put all one’s eggs in one basket：孤注一掷；冒风险的意思。选项B错了，是把谚语按照字面意思理解了，而且意思也变成了投资目的是为了安全，而不是冒险。而把几家公司合并并不是成功的根本原因。
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