In some universities, all PhD students must publish articles in top academic journals to obtain their degree, while in other ins

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问题 In some universities, all PhD students must publish articles in top academic journals to obtain their degree, while in other institutions, publication is optional and PhD students should focus on acquiring theoretical knowledge and research skills. What is your view on this issue? Write an essay of at least 200 words based on the topic "Publication: Compulsory or Optional?"

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答案 Publication: Compulsory or Optional? Nowadays both faculty and students often discuss whether PhD students should be required to publish articles on famous academic journals if they want to get the doctoral degree. Some believe that the major task of PhD students is to learn theoretical knowledge and enhance research skills. Therefore, it is unnecessary to ask them to publish the articles. In my opinion, a doctoral degree means that they have become experts in their fields, thus, it is their responsibility to make a contribution and publish the fruits. Above all, we need to figure out what a doctoral degree means. A PhD is the highest degree offered by the university, and a PhD requires highly developed academic ability, independence and perseverance. Learning knowledge and practising research skills are important since you enter the university. However, it is not a primary goal for PhD students. If you are a PhD candidate, you must have had your bachelor and master degrees, which means you certainly have some knowledge and acquire basic research skills in your field. Then your task is to develop yourself into an expert in your field by supplementing more professional knowledge and further enhancing your research skills. Through 3 or 4 years’ concentration in the field, you will be expected to have a breakthrough or find something new that can be called "achievement". Therefore, it is very natural for you to publish your fruits on a journal and successfully end your life in the university. In a word, publication, which represents learning outcomes, is necessary for PhD students. If you even can’t publish an article in an academic journal, how can you call yourself an expert in your field? Then I have a reason to believe that your PhD career is not a success.

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