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  3. The Internet has enabled the spread of information at lightning speed. This information revolution has created tremendous busine

The Internet has enabled the spread of information at lightning speed. This information revolution has created tremendous busine

admin2018-03-26  29
问题     The Internet has enabled the spread of information at lightning speed. This information revolution has created tremendous business opportunities for online publishers, but not all of them maintain proper quality-control mechanisms to ensure that only good information is being shared. Instead, many publishers aim simply to make money by whatever means possible, with no regard for the implications for society at large.
    When selfish publishers set up shops online, the primary goal is to publish as much as possible, often at the cost of quality. In this respect, many publishers start numerous online journals focused on overlapping (重叠的) disciplines—to increase their total number of published papers—and hire young business managers who do not have any experience in either science or publishing. In some cases, online publishers even give up peer review, while still presenting themselves as scientific journals—deception designed to take advantage of scientists who simply want to share their research.
    If publishers structure their business to make more revenue, it often does harm to their products. When publishers start journals with overlapping domains, in combination with the pressure to publish more studies, this could promote the publication of marginal or even questionable articles. Moreover, publishers with multiple overlapping journals and journals with very narrow specialties (专业) increase the demands on the time and efforts of willing reviewers. With the fact that reviewers are generally not compensated for their time and effort, journal editors are often unable to find enough reviewers to keep up with the increased publication rate.
    To improve the situation and increase the trust in scientific community, the pressure to publish must be reduced. Funding and promotion decisions should not be based on the number of publications, but on the quality of those publications and a researcher’s long-term productivity and instructions.
    And that’s just the start. We need additional mechanisms, such as Beall’s list of predatory (掠夺的) publishers, to alert scientists to fake journals and fake articles. In addition, the price for online publication must be controlled and a mechanism must be put in place to honor and reward hard-working reviewers.
What is the main idea of this passage?
选项 A、Online publishers should take measures to fight against fake scientific journals.
B、Online publishers are pursuing their work efficiency at the cost of quality.
C、Online publishers’ business models are quite likely to harm their publications.
D、Online publishers are sacrificing the quality of research articles to make money.
答案D
解析 主旨大意题。作者开篇通过信息快速传播引出在线出版商的问题：不是所有出版商都保留了适当的质量把控机制。首段末句指出，许多出版商的目的只是以任何可能的方式赚钱，而不考虑对整个社会造成的后果。第二段指出，出版商以牺牲质量为代价尽可能地出版更多的文章。第三段具体说明这种做法带来的损害。最后两段针对如何改变现状给出建议。纵观全篇，可以看出文章主旨是谈论在线出版商为了赚钱，不顾质量，大量发表科研论文，故答案为D)。A)“在线出版商应该采取措施，与假学术期刊做斗争”，本文前面分析的是问题，只在最后两段针对具体措施提出建议，该项以偏概全，故排除；B)“在线出版商牺牲质量来追求工作效率”，此处的工作效率过于笼统，与文中表述的大量出版商寻求盈利不符，故排除；C)“在线出版商的商业模式极有可能对他们的出版物造成损害”，由第三段首句可知，该项是本段提及的部分内容，为分论点，故排除。
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大学英语四级

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