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Research reveals that quality after-school programs improve academic performance, decrease youth delinquency and other high-risk

admin2019-12-23  82
问题     Research reveals that quality after-school programs improve academic performance, decrease youth delinquency and other high-risk behaviors, and help young people grow into healthy, successful adults. The impact of quality after-school programs on academic performance is clear: Students who participate in such programs demonstrate improved behavior in school, better work habits, higher rates of homework completion, improved grades, and higher scores on achievement tests. They also have fewer absences and are less likely to be retained. After-school programs also impact high-risk teen behavior. Finally, after-school programs play a vital role in supporting the following realms of development: physical development, intellectual development, psychological and emotional health, and social development. Thus, one can make the case that after-school programming is an effective strategy to help young people become contributing members of society.
    Among the Boys is a unique after-school program for boys living in the Highland Park neighborhood of our city. The organizational task is to provide males living in low-income and public housing with opportunities to discover their ability to change challenges into possibilities. The program includes an academic part as well as specific strategies for supporting the overall development of the participants. Among the Boys uses painting as an instrument for helping boys examine their world, discuss it, and develop positive ways of handling the challenges they face daily. Young men present personal challenges to the group, such as a recent fight or the long-term drug abuse they observe in their neighborhood. After guided discussion, the youth work as a team, determining how to best represent the issue at hand in a painting. The resulting paintings and explanations of these paintings provided by the young people suggest that something profound occurs through this process. These young men are learning a healthy way to express and cope with the pain and suffering they feel. Art serves as a healing process and a structured method of teaching teamwork, nonviolent values, conflict handling and problem-solving skills.
    Many components of Among the Boys are consistent with the best practices in the prevention of high-risk behavior. First, community-based youth development programs are considered important parts of a comprehensive prevention strategy, particularly in high-risk neighborhoods. Second, compensatory education that targets at-risk youth for academic failure is also considered an effective prevention strategy. Third, interventions aimed at improving youth’s moral reasoning, social problem-solving, and thinking skills are reported to be effective strategies for reducing violence in high-risk populations, especially when carried out with elementary school-aged boys. Finally, Among the Boys has a modified tutoring component, considered an effective prevention tool. Tutoring is typically a one-to-one match between a tutor and a youth, but Among the Boys creates "group tutoring." It compensates for its high student-tutor ratio with quality and quantity of time, as the program meets after school, on Saturdays, and all day during the summer, and is staffed primarily by males, an unusual quality among educational programs.
    Among the Boys is a rare gem among grass-roots programs, and represents the vision of a successful male who grew up in the Highland Park neighborhood and has returned to make a valuable contribution to his community.  
According to Paragraph 2, which of the following statements is true?
选项 A、Only painting is effective to prevent children’s high-risk behaviors.
B、Art programs can promote healing.
C、Young people should use painting to handle their daily problems.
D、Painting is better than any other method in examining children’s world.
答案B
解析 正误判断。据第二段第四句可知绘画的目的是“develop positive ways of handling the challenges they face daily”，因此否定了选项A，而且选项中比较绝对的表述一般是错误的。原文中提到，将绘画作为一种手段来帮助男孩开发积极的方式以应对他们每天面临的挑战，而并非采用绘画解决问题，故排除选项C。原文中没有将绘画与其他活动比较，故排除选项D。根据本段最后一句“Art series as a healing process…”，即可以确定答案为B。
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