首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The Impact of Wilderness Tourism A)The market for tourism in remote areas is booming as never before. Countries all across the w
The Impact of Wilderness Tourism A)The market for tourism in remote areas is booming as never before. Countries all across the w
admin
2014-11-27
26
问题
The Impact of Wilderness Tourism
A)The market for tourism in remote areas is booming as never before. Countries all across the world are actively promoting their "wilderness" regions—such as mountains, Arctic lands, deserts, small islands and wetlands—to high-spending tourists. The attraction of these areas is obvious: by definition, wilderness tourism requires little or no initial investment.
B)But that does not mean that there is no cost. As the 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development recognized, these regions are fragile(i.e. highly vulnerable to abnormal pressures)not just in terms of their ecology, but also in terms of the culture of their inhabitants. The three most significant types of fragile environment in these respects, and also in terms of the proportion of the Earth’ s surface they cover, are deserts, mountains and Arctic areas. An important characteristic is their marked seasonality, with harsh conditions prevailing for many months each year. Consequently, most human activities, including tourism, are limited to quite clearly defined parts of the year.
C)Tourists are drawn to these regions by their natural landscape beauty and the unique cultures of their indigenous people. And poor governments in these isolated areas have welcomed the new breed of "adventure tourist", grateful for the hard currency they bring. For several years now, tourism has been the prime source of foreign exchange in Nepal and Bhutan. Tourism is also a key element in the economies of Arctic zones such as Lapland and Alaska and in desert areas such as Ayers Rock in Australia and Arizona’ s Monument Valley.
D)Once a location is established as a main tourist destination, the effects on the local community are profound. When hill-farmers, for example, can make more money in a few weeks working as porters for foreign trekkers than they can in a year working in their fields, it is not surprising that many of them give up their farm-work, which is thus left to other members of the family. In some hill-regions, this has led to a serious decline in farm output and a change in the local diet, because there is insufficient labour to maintain terraces and irrigation systems and tend to crops. The result has been that many people in these regions have turned to outside supplies of rice and other foods.
E)In Arctic and desert societies, year-round survival has traditionally depended on hunting animals and fish and collecting fruit over a relatively short season. However, as some inhabitants become involved in tourism, they no longer have time to collect wild food; this has led to increasing dependence on bought food and stores. Tourism is not always the culprit behind such changes. All kinds of wage labour, or government handouts, tend to undermine traditional survival systems. Whatever the cause, the dilemma is always the same: what happens if these new, external sources of income dry up?
F)The physical impact of visitors is another serious problem associated with the growth in adventure tourism. Much attention has focused on erosion along major trails, but perhaps more important are the deforestation and impacts on water supplies arising from the need to provide tourists with cooked food and hot showers. In both mountains and deserts, slow-growing trees are often the main sources of fuel and water supplies may be limited or vulnerable to degradation through heavy use.
G)Stories about the problems of tourism have become legion in the last few years. Yet it does not have to be a problem. Although tourism inevitably affects the region in which it takes place, the costs to these fragile environments and their local cultures can be minimized.
H)Indeed, it can even be a vehicle for reinvigorating local cultures, as has happened with the Sher-pas of Nepal’ s Khumbu Valley and in some Alpine villages. And a growing number of adventure tourism operators are trying to ensure that their activities benefit the local population and environment over the long term.
I)In the Swiss Alps, communities have decided that their future depends on integrating tourism more effectively with the local economy. Local concern about the rising number of second home developments in the Swiss Pays d’Enhaut resulted in limits being imposed on their growth. There has also been a renaissance in communal cheese production in the area, providing the locals with a reliable source of income that does not depend on outside visitors.
J)Many of the Arctic tourist destinations have been exploited by outside companies, who employ transient workers and repatriate most of the profits to their home base. But some Arctic communities are now operating tour businesses themselves, thereby ensuring that the benefits accrue locally. For instance, a native corporation in Alaska, employing local people, is running an air tour from Anchorage to Kotzebue, where tourists eat Arctic food, walk on the tundra and watch local musicians and dancers.
K)Native people in the desert regions of the American Southwest have followed similar strategies, encouraging tourists to visit their pueblos and reservations to purchase high-quality handicrafts and artwork. The Acoma and San Ildefonso pueblos have established highly profitable pottery businesses, while the Navajo and Hopi groups have been similarly successful with jewellery.
L)Too many people living in fragile environments have lost control over their economies, their culture and their environment when tourism has penetrated their homelands. Merely restricting tourism cannot be the solution to the imbalance, because people’ s desire to see new places will not just disappear. Instead, communities in fragile environments must achieve greater control over tourism ventures in their regions; in order to balance their needs and aspirations with the demands of tourism. A growing number of communities are demonstrating that, with firm communal decision-making, this is possible. The critical question now is whether this can become the norm, rather than the exception
Remote areas such as mountains, Arctic lands, deserts, small islands and wetlands are largely marketed to those high-level consumers by countries from all over the world.
选项
答案
A
解析
此句意为“山区、北极地带、沙漠、小岛和湿地等偏远地区被广泛推销给来自世界各地高消费的游客”,与A段第二句意思相近。remote areas对应wilderness regions,market对应promote“推销”,因此,正确答案是A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/Ojm7777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
Childrenfrompoorfamiliesarealreadyayearbehindinvocabularytestswhentheystartschool,accordingtoaresearchpublis
LeedsUniversitystudyfindspeopleclassifiedasInternetaddictsaremorelikelytobedepressedthannon-addictedusers.Brit
Yetwitheconomiesinfreefall,managersalsoneedup-to-dateinformationaboutwhatishappeningtotheirbusinesses,sothat
ItwouldbealltooeasytosaythatFacebook’smarketmeltdowniscomingtoanend.Afterall,MarkZuckerberg’ssocialnetwork
A、May30th.B、June30th.C、July30th.D、August30th.B
A、Itwillbecomemorepopularthanbefore.B、Itwillhaveitstransportationdeveloped.C、Itsfootballindustrywillbeimproved
A、Theageofmentors.B、Therankoftheminthefield.C、Theamountoftrainingtime.D、Thetalentofmentors.C事实细节题。短文最后提到,Mal
RainforestCityA)Apatchoftropicalrainforesthastwicethenumberofmammalspecies,fivetimesthebatsandbirdsandtent
"Usuallywhenwewalkthroughtherainforestwehearasoftsoundfromallthemoistleavesandorganicdebrisontheforestfl
A、Prof.Smithdoesn’tholdseminarsordiscussionsinhislectures.B、StudentssometimesfallasleepinProf.Smith’slectures.
随机试题
金边债券的特点是()
碳酸氢钠溶液煮沸灭菌时,其煮沸时间一般
A公司为一上市公司。2013年1月1日,公司向其100名管理人员每人授予100份股票期权,这些职员从2013年1月1日起在该公司连续服务3年,即可以5元每股购买100股A公司股票,从而获益。公司估计该期权在授予日的公允价值为30元。至2015年12月31日
某公司以服装加工为主要业务,根据市场行情和自身情况,年初该公司决定实行成本领先的战略。人力资源部在各项工作中贯彻组织的战略,职位设计时,在一个职位的工作内容包括范围非常狭窄的简单的工作任务,员工完成这些任务所要求的技能范围非常有限。人员招募和甄选时,工作开
外汇既包括外国货币,也包括外币有价证券。()
铁路运输中,整车或整批托运时,对轻浮货物体积限定为三个标准:60立方米、95立方米、125立方米。()
简述制定具体人力资源管理制度的程序。
“没有动手做”而应用探究方法的探究是()。
以下不属于影响光电二极管响应时间的因素是()。
某软件项目的活动图如下图所示,其中顶点表示项目里程碑,连接顶点的边表示包含的活动,边上的数字表示该活动所需的天数,则完成该项目的最少时间为___________(6)天。活动BD最多可以晚___________(7)天开始而不会影响整个项目的进度。(
最新回复
(
0
)