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  3. Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behaviour agree that there is virtually an epidemic of sleepiness in the nati

Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behaviour agree that there is virtually an epidemic of sleepiness in the nati

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问题     Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behaviour agree that there is virtually an epidemic of sleepiness in the nation. "I can’t think of a single study that hasn’t found Americans getting less sleep than they ought to," says Dr. David. Even people who think they are sleeping enough would probably be better off with more rest.
    The beginning of our sleep-deficit crises can be traced to the invention of the light bulb a century ago. From diary entries and other personal accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries, sleep scientists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9.5 hours a night. "The best sleep habits once were forced on us, when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm, and it was dark." By the 1950s and 1960s, the sleep schedule had been reduced dramatically, to between 7.5 and eight hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock. "People cheat in their sleep, and they don’t even realize they’re doing it," says Dr. David. "They think they’re okay because they can get by on 6.5 hours, when they really need 7.5, eight or even more to feel ideally vigorous."
    Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep, researchers say, is the complexity of the day. Whenever pressures from work, family, friends and community mount, many people consider sleep the least expensive item on his programme. "In our society, you’re considered dynamic if you say you only need 5. 5 hours’ sleep. If you’ve got to get 8. 5 hours, people think you lack drive and ambition."
    To determine the consequences of sleep-deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or re call a passage read to them only minutes earlier. "We’ve found that if you’re in sleep deficit, performance suffers," says Dr. David. "Short-term memory is weakened, as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate."
What does the word "subjects" (Line 1, Para. ) mean?
选项 A、Person or thing that is being discussed or described.
B、Branch of knowledge studied in a school.
C、Person or thing being treated in a certain way or being experimented on.
D、Any member of a State apart from the supreme ruler.
答案C
解析 这句话的状语从句的意思是：确定睡眠不足的后果，而主句又提到心理和实际表现测试，由此可推知 subjects的意思应该与实验有关，而后面的现在分词短语更明确地说明了subjects所要做的事情：数字计算、背诵文章等，由此通过排除法可知选项C)“受实验者，受治疗者，临床医学研究的对象”为答案。根据requiring后面所表示的动作可知subjects应该是可以实施这些动作的施动者，即必须是人，所以排除A)和B)；选项D)和实验没有关系。
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