首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
This is a particular moment in the history of digital networks, one when powerful corporate actors(参与者)and high-performance netw
This is a particular moment in the history of digital networks, one when powerful corporate actors(参与者)and high-performance netw
admin
2013-07-02
76
问题
This is a particular moment in the history of digital networks, one when powerful corporate actors(参与者)and high-performance networks are strengthening the role of private electronic space and altering the structure of public electronic space. Electronic space has emerged not simply as a means for communicating, but as a major new theatre for capital accumulation and the operations of global actors. Our thinking about electronic space and network power, however, has been shaped by the properties of the Internet.
The Internet is a space of distributed power that limits the possibilities of authoritarian and monopoly control. It is by now well-known that the particular features of the Internet are in part a function of the early computer hacker culture which designed software that strengthened the original design of the Net’s openness and decentralization and which sought to make it universally available at no cost. But it is becoming evident since the mid-1990s that it is also a space for contestation and segmentation. Now that business has discovered the Net, we are seeing attempts to commercialize it through the development of software that can capitalize on the Net’s features and through the extension of copyrights, in other words, the opposite of the early hacker culture.
Further, it has become important to distinguish the Internet, or public space, and private electronic space. When it comes to the broader subject of network power, most computer networks are private. It might be worth repeating that even if we just consider Internet Protocol compatible networks and we take the figures for the period preceding the explosion of business interest in the Net, also then most networks were private: just counting networks as opposed to traffic volume, in 1994 there were about 40, 000 IP compatible networks, but the Internet itself accounted for about 12, 000 of these. Since then both figures have jumped enormously. The main point here is that a lot of network power may not necessarily have the attributes of the Internet. Indeed, much of this is concentrated power and reproduces hierarchy rather than distributed power. The financial markets, operating largely through private electronic networks, are a good instance of an alternative form of electronic network power. The three properties of electronic networks speed, simultaneity and interconnectivity have produced strikingly different outcomes in this case from those of the Internet.
The features of openness and decentralization of the Net is strengthened by software designed by______.
选项
答案
the early computer‘hacker’culture
解析
第二段第二句指出早期电脑黑客文化设计出软件,这些软件强化了最初对于网络开放性和分离性的设计。文中原句是很长定语,弄清关系代词which所指代的对象,问题即迎刃而解。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/Oun7777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
KarlWilhelmRontgen【B1】______peoplewiththefirstx-raysin1895;thiswas【B2】_____threeyearslaterbythediscoveryofradiu
Isuggestedheshould_________________________________(让自己适应新条件).
Friendshipisbothasourceofpleasureandacomponentofgoodhealth.Peoplewhohaveclosefriendsnaturallyenjoytheir【C1】_
AjuryinNorthernCaliforniahasfoundaphysician【C1】______forelderabusebecausehefailedto【C2】______enoughpainmedica
A、Tocompeteforcustomers.B、Toreducethesizeoftheirstaff.C、Toprovideservicesfordistantclients.D、Toexpandtheirop
InaDigitalAge,StudentsStillClingtoPaperTextbooksTheytexttheirfriendsalldaylong.Atnight,theydoresearch
A、Thewomanmadeupanastonishingstory.B、Thewomanhadintendedtoleaveherhusbandwithoutaword.C、Thewomanhadbeentak
A、Hecan’taffordtobuytheticket.B、Heneedsabreakfromthemathproblem.C、Hedoesn’twanttogototheopera.D、He’llmee
Theloudestoutcryaboutpovertyseemedtocomeinthewealthiestcountrybyfarintheworld.Accordingtomostcalculations,【C
Theloudestoutcryaboutpovertyseemedtocomeinthewealthiestcountrybyfarintheworld.Accordingtomostcalculations,【C
随机试题
电动潜油泵井欠载停机的原因有哪些?
影响企业集权与分权的客观因素有()
A.客观资料B.主观资料C.评价D.预测E.计划全科医疗接诊记录中,使用SOAP式问题描述。其中“P”是指
建设投资中工程建设其他费用包括()。
每一个建设项目都应该编制(),这是一个项目的组织设计文件的一部分。
某项目现金流量见下表,基准收益率为12%,则该项目财务净现值为()万元。
自2008年7月1日起,对所有新受理首次公开发行申请,中国证监会发行监管部将在发行人和保荐机构按照反馈意见修改申请文件后的()个工作日内在网上公开招股说明书(申报稿)。
方某先后从他人手中多次买进各类假发票,然后到某繁华地段出售,从中牟利,其中增值税专用发票4000份,各类普通发票金额50万元。经人举报,方某被公安机关传唤。在传唤过程中,方某交代了主要犯罪事实。后在刑事拘留期间,方某向公安机关提出取保候审的请求,
简述影响学习动机形成的因素。
法律原则的调整对象是()
最新回复
(
0
)