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  3. Even if all the technical and intellectual problems can be solved, there axe major social problems inherent in the computer revo

Even if all the technical and intellectual problems can be solved, there axe major social problems inherent in the computer revo

admin2009-04-23  74
问题     Even if all the technical and intellectual problems can be solved, there axe major social problems inherent in the computer revolution. The most obvious is unemployment, since the basic purpose of commercial computerization is to get more work done by fewer people. One British study predicts that "automation-induced unemployment" in Western Europe could reach 16% in the next decade, but most analyses are more optimistic. The general rule seems to be that new technology eventually creates as many jobs as it destroys, and often more. "People who put in computers usually increase their staffs as well," says CPT’s Scheft. "Of course," he adds, "one industry may kill another industry. That’s tough on some people."
    Theoretically, all unemployed workers eau be retrained, but retraining programs are not high On the nation’s agenda(议程). Many new jobs, moreover, will require an ability in using computers, and the retraining needed to use them will have to be repeated as the technology keeps improving. Says a chilling report by the Congressional Office of Technology Assessment: "Lifelong retraining is expected to become the standard for many people." There is already considerable evidence that the school children now being educated in the use of computers are generally the children of the white middle class. Young blacks, whose unemployment rate stands today at 50%, will find another barrier in front of them.
    Such social problems are not the fault of the computer, of course, but a consequence of the way the American society might use the computer. "Even in the days of the big, main-frame computers, when they were a machine for the few," says Katherine Davis Fishman, author of The Computer Establishment, "it was a tool to help the rich get richer. It still is to a large extent. One of the great values of the personal computer is that smaller firms, smaller organizations can now have some of the advantages of the bigger firms and organizations. "
选项 A、industries tend to compete with one another
B、industries tend to combine into bigger ones
C、one industry may increase its staff at the expense of another
D、one industry might be driven out of business by another industry
答案D
解析 直接题型语义指代题。参阅第一段倒数第三句，destroy与本题正确选项中的be driven out of相关。
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